Abstract
In crisis situations, the challenge of understanding the current situation is tightly linked to the ability to process the variety and the amount of information provided by the multiple sources. In particular, social media can provide additional insight on real-time events, providing that the information that they relay is accurately retrieved, evaluated, and fused. In this chapter, we describe various mechanisms and functions necessary for information fusion and understanding, starting from social media exploration and retrieval, then describing the fusion process and the associated management of information uncertainty, concluding with a description of the methodology and experiments we use to tackle the intrinsic big volume of data and processing required for social media information analysis.
Keywords
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsNotes
- 1.
The list does not intend to be exhaustive.
- 2.
Official Website of the foundation: http://ushahidi.com/.
- 3.
- 4.
- 5.
- 6.
- 7.
The National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START) makes the GTD available via an online interface on the website of the project: http://www.start.umd.edu/gtd/.
References
Aligne F (2009) Which information and decision support system for the crisis management? In: NATO RTO-MPIST-086
Aligne F, Mattioli J (2010) The role of context for crisis management cycle. In: Burstein F, Brézillon P, Zaslavsky AB (eds) Supporting real time decision-making. Annals of information systems, vol 13. Springer, New York, pp 113–132
American Red Cross (2010) The case for integrating crisis response with social media
Belov N, Gerken P (2009) Mixed initiative soft data fusion associate. In: 12th international conference on information fusion, pp 1897–1902
Blondel V, Guillaume J-L, Lambiotte R, Lefebvre E (2008) Fast unfolding of communities in large networks. J Stat Mech: Theory Exp 10:P10008
Bunke H, Foggia P, Guidobaldi C, Sansone C, Vento M (2002) A comparison of algorithms for maximum common subgraph on randomly connected graphs. In: Lecture notes on computer science, vol 2396. Springer, Heidelberg, pp 123–132
Cameron M, Power R, Robinson B, Yin J (2012) Emergency situation awareness from twitter for crisis management. In: Proceedings of the 21st international conference companion on World Wide Web. ACM, pp 695–698
Capet F, d’Allonnes AR (2014) Information evaluation in the military domain: doctrines, practices and shortcomings. In: Capet P, Delavallade T (eds) Information evaluation. Wiley-ISTE, p 103
Capet P, Delavallade T (2014) Information evaluation. Wiley-ISTE
Castillo C, Mendoza M, Poblete B (2010) Twitter under crisis: can you really trust what we RT? InL 1st workshop on social media analytics, SOM’10
Castillo C, Mendoza M, Poblete B (2011) Information credibility on Twitter. In: Proceedings of the 20th international conference on World Wide Web, number 11. ACM
Chein M, Mugnier M-L (2008) Graph-based knowledge representation: computational foundations of conceptual graphs. Springer, New York
Conte D, Foggia P, Vento M (2007) Challenging complexity of maximum common subgraph detection algorithms: a performance analysis of three algorithms on a wide database of graphs. J Graph Algorithms Appl 11(1):99–143
Coombs WT (2007) Crisis management and communications. IPR
Crocq L (2007) Formation et sensibilisation nrbc, haut comit franais pour la dfense civile
Crooks A, Croitoru A, Stefanidis A, Radzikowski J (2013) #Earthquake: twitter as a distributed sensor system. T GIS 17(1):124–147
Date K, Gross GA, Khopkar SS, Nagi R, Sambhoos K (2013) Data association and graph analytical processing of hard and soft intelligence data. In: Proceedings of the 16th international conference on information fusion. IEEE, New York, pp 404–411
Deparis É (2013) Création de nouvelles connaissances décisionnelles pour une organisation via ses ressources sociales et documentaires. Ph.D. thesis, Université de Technologie de Compiégne, Compiégne
Flizikowski A, Holubowicz W, Stachowicz A, Hokkanen L, Kurki T, Paivinen N, Delavallade T (2014) Social media in crisis management the iSAR+ project survey. In: Hiltz S, Pfaff M, Plotnick L, Shih P, Tapia A (eds) Proceedings of the international ISCRAM conference
Goujon B (2009) Uncertainty detection for information extraction. In: Proceedings of the international conference on recent advances in natural language processing, pp 118–122
Gouttas C, de Maupeou S, Mabiala Y, Delavallade T, Huyot B (2013) Visual analytics innovative services for cyber-security. In: NATO symposium on visual analytics, IST-116
Gross G, Nagi R, Sambhoos K, Schlegel D, Shapiro S, Tauer G (2012) Towards hard+soft data fusion: processing architecture and implementation for the joint fusion and analysis of hard and soft intelligence data. In: 15th international conference on information fusion, pp 955–962
Huang C-M, Chan E, Hyder AA (2010) Web 2.0 and internet social networking: a new tool for disaster management? Lessons from taiwan. BMC Med Inf Dec Mak
Imran M, Castillo C, Lucas J, Meier P, Rogstadius J (2014) Coordinating human and machine intelligence to classify microblog communications in crises. In: Hiltz S, Pfaff M, Plotnick L, Shih P, Tapia A (eds) Proceedings of the international ISCRAM conference
Initive HH (2011) Disaster relief 2.0: the future of information sharing in humanitarian emergencies. Technical report, UN Foundation and Vodafone Foundation Technology Partnership
Kohler H, Lambert DA, Richter J, Burgess G, Cawley T (2013) Implementing soft fusion. In: Proceedings of the 16th international conference on information fusion, FUSION 2013, Istanbul. IEEE, New York, pp 389–396
Kumar S, Barbier G, Abbasi M, Liu H (2011) Tweettracker: an analysis tool for humanitarian and disaster relief. In: International conference on weblogs and social media (ICWSM), pp 1–1
Laudy C (2010) Introducing semantic knowledge in high level information fusion. Ph.D. thesis, Paris 6 University
Laudy C (2011) Semantic knowledge representations for soft data fusion — efficient decision support systems - practice and challenges from current to future. Chiang Jao Publisher
Laudy C, Ganascia J-G (2009) Using maximal join for information fusion. In: Graph structures for knowledge representation and reasoning (GKR 2009) collocated with the twenty-first international joint conference on artificial intelligence (IJCAI-09)
Lerbinger O (1997) The crisis manager: facing risk and responsibility/Otto Lerbinger. Erlbaum, Mahwah
Lesot M-J, Delavallade T, Pichon F, Akdag H, Bouchon-Meunier B, Capet P (2011) Proposition of a semi-automatic possibilistic information scoring process. In: 7th conference of the European Society for Fuzzy Logic and Technology, pp 949–956
Lesot M, Pichon F, Delavallade T (2014) Quantitative information evaluation: modeling and experimental evaluation. In: Capet P, Delavallade T (eds) Information evaluation. Wiley-ISTE, p 187
Liu Y, Jiang X, Chen H, Ma J, Zhang X (2009) MapReduce-based pattern finding algorithm applied in motif detection for prescription compatibility network. In: Advanced parallel processing technologies, vol 5737. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, pp 341–355
Llinas J, Nagi R, Hall D, Lavery J (2010) A multi-disciplinary university research initiative in hard and soft information fusion: overview, research strategies and initial results. In: 13th international conference on information fusion, pp 1–7
MacEachren A, Robinson A, Jaiswal A, Pezanowski S, Savelyev A, Blanford J, Mitra P (2011) Geo-Twitter analytics: applications in crisis management. In: Proceedings of 25th international cartographic conference, p 1
McKay BD, Piperno A (2014) Practical graph isomorphism, II. J Symb Comput 60:94–112
Meier P (2013) Two signs of things to come in disaster response: learning from typhoon Yolanda. Opening Keynote Address at CrisisMappers 2013 http://www.engagingcities.com/article/two-signs-things-come-disaster-response-learning-typhoon-yolanda
NATO (2003) STANAG2511. Intelligence Reports
Ndiaye SN, Solnon C (2011) CP Models for Maximum Common Subgraph Problems. In: 17th international conference on principles and practice of constraint programming (CP). Lecture notes in computer science. Springer, New York, pp 637–644
Peary B, Shaw R, Takeuchi Y (2012) Utilization of social media in the East Japan earthquake and tsunami and its effectiveness. J Nat Disaster Sci 34(1):3–18
Pichon F, Dubois D, Denoeux T (2012) Relevance and truthfulness in information correction and fusion. Int J Approx Reason 53(2):159–175
Pichon F, Labreuche C, Duqueroie B, Delavallade T (2014) Multidimensional approach to reliability evaluation of information sources. In: Capet P, Delavallade T (eds) Information evaluation. Wiley-ISTE
Pine JA, Lemoine J, Benhadda H (2005) Un nouvel outil de classification non supervisée de documents pour la découverte de connaissances et la détection de signaux faibles: Rares text. Journée sur les systèmes d’information élaborée
Plantenga T (2013) Inexact subgraph isomorphism in MapReduce. J Parallel Distrib Comput 73:164–175
Raymond J, Willett P (2002) Maximum common subgraph isomorphism algorithms for the matching of chemical structures. J Comput Aided Mol Des 16(7):521–533
Roth F, Giroux J, Herzog M (2013) Crisis mapping in Switzerland: a stakeholder analysis. 3rg special report, Risk and Resilience Research Group, Center for Security Studies (CSS), ETH
Sakaki T, Okazaki M, Matsuo Y (2010) Earthquake shakes Twitter users: real-time event detection by social sensors. In: Proceedings of the 19th international conference on World Wide Web, pp 851–860
Shafer G (1976) A mathematical theory of evidence. Princeton University Press, Princeton
Singh VK, Gao M, Jain R (2010) Situation detection and control using spatio-temporal analysis of microblogs. In: Rappa M, Jones P, Freire J, Chakrabarti S (eds) Proceedings of the 19th international conference on World Wide Web. ACM, pp 1181–1182
Smets P (1993) Belief functions: the disjunctive rule of combination and the generalized Bayesian theorem. Int J Approx Reason 9(1):633–664
Smets P, Kennes R (1994) The transferable belief model. Artif Intell 66(2):191–234
Solnon C (2010) Alldifferent-based filtering for subgraph isomorphism. Artif Intell 174(12–13):850–864
Sowa J-F (1984) Conceptual structures: information processing in mind and machine. Addison-Wesley, Reading
Starbird K, Palen L (2010) Pass it on: retweeting in mass emergency. In: Proceedings of the 7th international ISCRAM conference
Stollberg B, de Groeve T (2012) The use of social media within the global disaster alert and coordination system (gdacs). In: Proceedings of the 21st international conference companion on World Wide Web. ACM, pp 703–706
Ullmann JR (1976) An algorithm for subgraph isomorphism. J ACM 23(1):31–42
Vieweg S, Hughes AL, Starbird K, Palen L (2010) Microblogging during two natural hazards events: what Twitter may contribute to situational awareness. In: Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems, pp 1079–1088
White T (2009) Hadoop: the definitive guide, 1st edn. O’Reilly Media
Yager R (1984) Approximate reasoning as a basis for rule-based expert systems. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern 14:636–643
San Su Y, Wardell C III, Thorkildsen Z (2013) Social media in the emergency management field. Technical report, National Emergency Management Association (NEMA), CNA Analysis and Solutions
Zhao Z, Wang G, Butt AR, Khan M, Anil Kumar VS, Marathe MV (2012) SAHAD: subgraph analysis in massive networks using Hadoop. In: Proceedings of the 2012 IEEE 26th international parallel and distributed processing symposium. IPDPS ’12. IEEE Computer Society, Washington, DC, pp 390–401. doi:10.1109/IPDPS.2012.44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/IPDPS.2012.44. ISBN: 978-0-7695-4675-9
Acknowledgements
We would like to thank Johann Dreo, Christophe Gouguenheim, Florence Aligne, and Juliette Mattioli for fruitful discussions and collaborative work.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Delavallade, T., Fossier, S., Laudy, C., Lortal, G. (2016). On the Challenges of Using Social Media for Crisis Management. In: Rogova, G., Scott, P. (eds) Fusion Methodologies in Crisis Management. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22527-2_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22527-2_8
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-22526-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-22527-2
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)