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Environmental Governance by Transnational Municipal Networks: The Case of Indonesian Cities

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Decentralization and Governance in Indonesia

Part of the book series: Development and Governance ((DG,volume 2))

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Abstract

Global environmental governance has developed a multi-layer of government from the global to the local. Transnational Municipal Networks (TMNs) are a newly emerging form of organization within global environmental governance. The TMNs are an institutional mechanism to enhance how local governments address environmental problems. Previous empirical research on these networks focused on the European context. There is little research about TMNs conducted in a country undergoing government reform and decentralization. Decentralization seeks to create an effective system of governance in which local governments attain greater authority. Here, we examine the impact of TMNs in Southeast Asia, particularly in the cities of Yogyakarta and Wakatobi in Indonesia. Referring to the TMNs and decentralization arrangements, we analyze the role of TMNs in enabling cities to play a significant role in establishing environmental policy in their region. We conclude that if local governments maximize the role of the TMNs in environmental policy, the local government will contribute to the development of a sustainable society agenda and contribute more to the state fulfilling its national environmental goals and international commitments.

The first author is the original researcher and serves as the author for correspondence; the second author is a supervisor who has also contributed to this chapter.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    The term new paradigm is intended to clarify the differences in traditional concepts previously developed in the study of IR. Although transnational organizations have a long-standing place in the literature (see Barber 2013), the emergence of the transnational municipal network phenomenon is different from transnational corporations (TNCs) and from NGOs in the environmental arena, which is an organization which concentrates on media attention and mass mobilization.

  2. 2.

    According to the Ministry of Home Affairs, the number of autonomous cities and municipalities in Indonesia before decentralization was 293, and at the end of 2014 increased to 508 (Kemendagri 2014a, b).

  3. 3.

    Ir. Abdul Manan M.Sc., is the head of the DELGOSEA working group in Wakatobi. He also served as the Head of the Regional Development Planning Agency, Wakatobi municipality. He has provided most of the information and data concerning Wakatobi in this chapter during an interview completed on 20 November, 2014.

  4. 4.

    DELGOSEA has four thematic areas which are: Peoples’ Participation in Planning and Decision Making, Institutional Governance, Inclusive Urban Public Services, and Fiscal Management and Investment Planning. Wakatobi is working under the third thematic area of the TMN with the project of Low Carbon City (DELGOSEA 2011a, b).

  5. 5.

    Cesaria Eka Yulianti Sri Hastuti is the project officer for the Local Renewable Initiatives: South-South Cooperation Program for Yogyakarta. She reports the progress of this program to a project coordinator located in the Philippines, who in turn reports to the general secretary for the region located in India. She is also serves as head of the subdirectorate in Regional Development Planning Agency of Yogyakarta City. She has provided most of the information and data concerning Yogyakarta in this chapter during an interview completed on 26 November 2014.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Arts, Department of International Relations and International Organization, University of Groningen, Oude Kijk in ‘t Jatstraat 26, 9712 EK, Groningen, The Netherlands

    Annisa Paramita Wiharani & Ronald Holzhacker

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  1. Annisa Paramita Wiharani
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  2. Ronald Holzhacker
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Correspondence to Annisa Paramita Wiharani .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Arts, Department of International Relations and International Organization, University of Groningen, Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

    Ronald L. Holzhacker

  2. Faculty of Behavioural and Social Science, Department of Sociology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

    Rafael Wittek

  3. Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment, Department of Planning and Transport, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom

    Johan Woltjer

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Wiharani, A.P., Holzhacker, R. (2016). Environmental Governance by Transnational Municipal Networks: The Case of Indonesian Cities. In: Holzhacker, R., Wittek, R., Woltjer, J. (eds) Decentralization and Governance in Indonesia. Development and Governance, vol 2. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22434-3_8

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