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Methods for Decrease of Radionuclides Transfer from Soil to Agricultural Vegetation

  • Chapter
Radionuclides in the Environment

Abstract

Characteristics of radioactive contamination of soils as a result of radiation accidents at Chernobyl nuclear power plant (USSR/Ukraine), Fukushima dai-ichi nuclear power plant (Japan), and Mayak PA (USSR/Russia) are considered. The evaluation of the efficiency methods for returning radioactively contaminated lands to farming use is given. It is shown that after a radiation accident, the major part of radionuclides is fixed in the upper 5–7 cm layer of a soil; further slow migration of a radionuclide to deeper layers of a soil occurs. Over 36 years after radiation accident, 137Cs and 90Sr radionuclides are located in a plowing horizon (0–25 cm); therefore, they are available for roots. The effectiveness of rehabilitation activities depends on physicochemical characteristics of a soil, radionuclides speciation in a soil solution, and a species of growing plant. The most efficient methods suggested for decrease of 137Cs and 90Sr radionuclides transfer from a soil to agricultural plants are transfer of the upper layer of radioactively contaminated soil to a depth of 80 cm and deeper (radionuclides transfer decreases up to a factor of 50) and addition of ferrocyanide sorbents based on natural aluminosilicates (up to a factor of 20). Addition of various ameliorators results in decrease of radionuclides transfer by up to 5 times independently of ameliorator type.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Radiochemistry and Applied Ecology Chair, Physical Technology Institute, Ural Federal University, Mira str., 19, Ekaterinburg, Russia

    A. V. Voronina, V. S. Semenishchev, M. O. Blinova & P. Ju. Sanin

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  1. A. V. Voronina
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  2. V. S. Semenishchev
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  3. M. O. Blinova
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  4. P. Ju. Sanin
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Correspondence to A. V. Voronina .

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  1. Institut für Radioökologie und Strahlens, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Ha, Hannover, Germany

    Clemens Walther

  2. Institut für Radioökologie und Strahlens, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Ha, Hannover, Germany

    Dharmendra K. Gupta

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Voronina, A.V., Semenishchev, V.S., Blinova, M.O., Sanin, P.J. (2015). Methods for Decrease of Radionuclides Transfer from Soil to Agricultural Vegetation. In: Walther, C., Gupta, D. (eds) Radionuclides in the Environment. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22171-7_11

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