Abstract
Following our comprehensive and unified treatment of emergent complexity based on information theory and the application of information-theoretic methods associated with complexity measures, we will now analyze the validity of closed-form solutions for the effective measure complexity (EMC) that were obtained for vector autoregression models as the basic mathematical representation of cooperative work in PD projects (see Sections 2.2, 2.3, 2.4 and 2.6 in conjunction with Section 4.1). In the validation studies we not only investigated “flat” project organization forms but also analyzed work processes with periodically correlated components due to a multi-level hierarchical coordination structure. It is well established that validity is one of the most influential concepts in industrial engineering and engineering management because questions concerning its nature and scope influence everything from the design of project organization for a PD project to the application and evaluation of specific design criteria. In this context we follow classic validity theory and distinguish between criterion-related, content-related, and construct-related validity (Salkind and Rasmussen 2007). Criterion-related validity refers to the extent to which a measure—EMC in our case—predicts the values of another measure, for instance the total time taken to complete particular development activities in a PD project (Eaves and Woods-Grooves 2007, cf. Section 5.2). The first measure is usually called the predictor variable. We have dubbed the second measure the criterion variable because our extensive analysis in Section 3.2.4 has already shown that EMC is theoretically valid. The literature distinguishes between two types of criterion-related validity (see e.g. Eaves and Woods-Grooves 2007): (1) predictive validity and (2) concurrent validity. The distinctive factor here is the time interval between obtaining the first and the second set of measurements. For predictive validity, the data related to the criterion variable is collected some time after the data for the predictor variable. For concurrent validity, the data from both variables is collected at about the same time in the same experiment.
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Schlick, C., Demissie, B. (2016). Validity Analysis of Selected Closed-Form Solutions for Effective Measure Complexity. In: Product Development Projects. Understanding Complex Systems. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21717-8_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21717-8_5
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