Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Pivotal Role of Chemokine Receptor Signaling Axis and Natural Bioactive Chemopreventive Agents in Metastasis of Breast Cancer

  • Chapter
Critical Dietary Factors in Cancer Chemoprevention

  • 833 Accesses

Abstract

Breast cancer ranks as one of the most frequently diagnosed malignant neoplasm in women embracing multiple genomic alterations that influence tumor growth, progression, and metastasis. Despite significant advancements in systemic adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer, manifestations of distant metastasis raise significant clinical problems with worst prognosis. Therefore, defining molecular events underlying metastasis alongside well defined strategic abrogation of these molecular events is crucial for improving patient survival and better clinical management. The classic “seed and soil” hypothesis of tumor metastasis has been redefined in light of emerging evidence revealing chemokine [CXCL12 (SDF-1α)] and its cognate receptor (CXCR4) orchestrating signaling events that guide chemotaxis of tumor cells to site of metastasis. CXCR4 is a transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor reportedly overexpressed in primary and metastatic breast tumors compared to normal breast tissue, and its chemokine ligand (SDF-1α) presents peak expression in common metastatic sites. CXCR4-SDF-1α signaling has earned considerable attention underscoring its role in cancer metastasis including activation of focal clusters of integrin and adhesion kinase (Rho/ROCK) and multiple signaling entities (Cdc42, PI3K-Akt, p38 MAPK) that allow tumor cells to attain a migratory phenotype. Hypoxia, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transcription factor NF-κB, and estrogen receptor status upregulates CXCR4 expression in tumor microenvironment. A growing body of evidence suggests that natural chemo-dietary agents hold prospect targeting CXCR4-SDF-1α axis to prevent metastasis of breast cancer. This chapter presents a succinct overview about CXCR4 receptor signaling in breast cancer and related mechano-transductive pathways, microenvironmental cues, and current status and knowledge regarding efficacy of bioactive natural products on metastasis and homing of malignant tumor cells.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Aggarwal BB, Shishodia S, Takada Y, Banerjee S, Newman RA, Bueso-Ramos CE et al (2005) Curcumin suppresses the paclitaxel-induced nuclear factor-kappaB pathway in breast cancer cells and inhibits lung metastasis of human breast cancer in nude mice. Clin Cancer Res 11:7490–7498

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Allinen M, Beroukhim R, Cai L, Brennan C, Lahti-Domenici J, Huang H et al (2004) Molecular characterization of the tumor microenvironment in breast cancer. Cancer Cell 6:17–32

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Altenburg JD, Siddiqui RA (2009) Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids down-modulate CXCR4 expression and function in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Mol Cancer Res 7:1013–1020

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Altundag K, Gundeslioglu O, Altundag O (2006) Increased cabbage intake may inhibit metastatic and invasive capacity of breast cancer cells by inhibiting CXCL12(SDF-1 alpha)/CXCR4. Med Hypotheses 66:672

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bachelder RE, Wendt MA, Mercurio AM (2002) Vascular endothelial growth factor promotes breast carcinoma invasion in an autocrine manner by regulating the chemokine receptor CXCR4. Cancer Res 62:7203–7206

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Badr G, Al-Sadoon MK, Rabah DM (2013a) Therapeutic efficacy and molecular mechanisms of snake (Walterinnesia aegyptia) venom-loaded silica nanoparticles in the treatment of breast cancer- and prostate cancer-bearing experimental mouse models. Free Radic Biol Med 65:175–189

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Badr G, Al-Sadoon MK, Rabah DM, Sayed D (2013b) Snake (Walterinnesia aegyptia) venom-loaded silica nanoparticles induce apoptosis and growth arrest in human prostate cancer cells. Apoptosis 18:300–314

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Baek SH, Kim SM, Nam D, Lee JH, Ahn KS, Choi SH et al (2012) Antimetastatic effect of nobiletin through the down-regulation of CXC chemokine receptor type 4 and matrix metallopeptidase-9. Pharm Biol 50:1210–1218

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Balkwill F (2004) The significance of cancer cell expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR4. Semin Cancer Biol 14:171–179

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Balkwill FR (2012) The chemokine system and cancer. J Pathol 226:148–157

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bleul CC, Farzan M, Choe H, Parolin C, Clark-Lewis I, Sodroski J et al (1996) The lymphocyte chemoattractant SDF-1 is a ligand for LESTR/fusin and blocks HIV-1 entry. Nature 382:829–833

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Caruz A, Samsom M, Alonso JM, Alcami J, Baleux F, Virelizier JL et al (1998) Genomic organization and promoter characterization of human CXCR4 gene. FEBS Lett 426:271–278

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen X, Beutler JA, McCloud TG, Loehfelm A, Yang L, Dong HF et al (2003) Tannic acid is an inhibitor of CXCL12 (SDF-1alpha)/CXCR4 with antiangiogenic activity. Clin Cancer Res 9:3115–3123

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen XP, Qian LL, Jiang H, Chen JH (2011) Ginsenoside Rg3 inhibits CXCR4 expression and related migrations in a breast cancer cell line. Int J Clin Oncol 16:519–523

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chua AW, Hay HS, Rajendran P, Shanmugam MK, Li F, Bist P et al (2010) Butein downregulates chemokine receptor CXCR4 expression and function through suppression of NF-kappab activation in breast and pancreatic tumor cells. Biochem Pharmacol 80:1553–1562

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dastpeyman M, Motamed N, Azadmanesh K, Mostafavi E, Kia V, Jahanian-Najafabadi A et al (2012) Inhibition of silibinin on migration and adhesion capacity of human highly metastatic breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231, by evaluation of beta1-integrin and downstream molecules, Cdc42, Raf-1 and D4GDI. Med Oncol 29:2512–2518

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dealwis C, Fernandez EJ, Thompson DA, Simon RJ, Siani MA, Lolis E (1998) Crystal structure of chemically synthesized [N33a] stromal cell-derived factor 1alpha, a potent ligand for the HIV-1 “fusin” coreceptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95:6941–6946

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Enomoto A, Murakami H, Asai N, Morone N, Watanabe T, Kawai K et al (2005) Akt/PKB regulates actin organization and cell motility via Girdin/APE. Dev Cell 9:389–402

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Folkman J (1995) Angiogenesis in cancer, vascular, rheumatoid and other disease. Nat Med 1:27–31

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gangadhar T, Nandi S, Salgia R (2010) The role of chemokine receptor CXCR4 in lung cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 9:409–416

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Garcia-Rivera D, Delgado R, Bougarne N, Haegeman G, Berghe WV (2011) Gallic acid indanone and mangiferin xanthone are strong determinants of immunosuppressive anti-tumour effects of Mangifera indica L. Bark in MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells. Cancer Lett 305:21–31

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Helbig G, Christopherson KW 2nd, Bhat-Nakshatri P, Kumar S, Kishimoto H, Miller KD et al (2003) Nf-kappaB promotes breast cancer cell migration and metastasis by inducing the expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR4. J Biol Chem 278:21631–21638

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hsu EL, Chen N, Westbrook A, Wang F, Zhang R, Taylor RT et al (2008) CXCR4 and CXCL12 down-regulation: a novel mechanism for the chemoprotection of 3,3′-diindolylmethane for breast and ovarian cancers. Cancer Lett 265:113–123

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jaffe AB, Hall A (2005) Rho GTPases: biochemistry and biology. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 21:247–269

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Janowski M (2009) Functional diversity of SDF-1 splicing variants. Cell Adhes Migr 3:243–249

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jiang J, Thyagarajan-Sahu A, Loganathan J, Eliaz I, Terry C, Sandusky GE et al (2012) BreastDefend™ prevents breast-to-lung cancer metastases in an orthotopic animal model of triple-negative human breast cancer. Oncol Rep 28:1139–1145

    Google Scholar 

  • Kang Y, Siegel PM, Shu W, Drobnjak M, Kakonen SM, Cordon-Cardo C et al (2003) A multigenic program mediating breast cancer metastasis to bone. Cancer Cell 3:537–549

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kang H, Watkins G, Douglas-Jones A, Mansel RE, Jiang WG (2005a) The elevated level of CXCR4 is correlated with nodal metastasis of human breast cancer. Breast 14:360–367

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kang H, Watkins G, Parr C, Douglas-Jones A, Mansel RE, Jiang WG (2005b) Stromal cell derived factor-1: its influence on invasiveness and migration of breast cancer cells in vitro, and its association with prognosis and survival in human breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 7:R402–R410

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kato M, Kitayama J, Kazama S, Nagawa H (2003) Expression pattern of CXC chemokine receptor-4 is correlated with lymph node metastasis in human invasive ductal carcinoma. Breast Cancer Res 5:R144–R150

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kelsey JL, Bernstein L (1996) Epidemiology and prevention of breast cancer. Annu Rev Public Health 17:47–67

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim B, Park B (2014) Baohuoside I suppresses invasion of cervical and breast cancer cells through the downregulation of CXCR4 chemokine receptor expression. Biochemistry 53:7562–7569

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim S, Kim SH, Hur SM, Lee SK, Kim WW, Kim JS et al (2009) Silibinin prevents TPA-induced MMP-9 expression by down-regulation of COX-2 in human breast cancer cells. J Ethnopharmacol 126:252–257

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim S, Han J, Kim JS, Kim JH, Choe JH, Yang JH et al (2011) Silibinin suppresses EGFR ligand-induced CD44 expression through inhibition of EGFR activity in breast cancer cells. Anticancer Res 31:3767–3773

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim C, Kim D, Nam D, Chung WS, Ahn KS, Kim SH et al (2014) Anti-metastatic effect of supercritical extracts from the citrus hassaku pericarp via inhibition of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). Phytother Res 28:1374–1382

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee SO, Jeong YJ, Im HG, Kim CH, Chang YC, Lee IS (2007) Silibinin suppresses PMA-induced MMP-9 expression by blocking the AP-1 activation via MAPK signaling pathways in MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 354:165–171

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li YM, Pan Y, Wei Y, Cheng X, Zhou BP, Tan M et al (2004) Upregulation of CXCR4 is essential for HER2-mediated tumor metastasis. Cancer Cell 6:459–469

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liang J, Slingerland JM (2003) Multiple roles of the PI3K/PKB (Akt) pathway in cell cycle progression. Cell Cycle 2:339–345

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liang Z, Yoon Y, Votaw J, Goodman MM, Williams L, Shim H (2005) Silencing of CXCR4 blocks breast cancer metastasis. Cancer Res 65:967–971

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mandawat A, Fiskus W, Buckley KM, Robbins K, Rao R, Balusu R et al (2010) Pan-histone deacetylase inhibitor panobinostat depletes CXCR4 levels and signaling and exerts synergistic antimyeloid activity in combination with CXCR4 antagonists. Blood 116:5306–5315

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Manu KA, Shanmugam MK, Rajendran P, Li F, Ramachandran L, Hay HS et al (2011) Plumbagin inhibits invasion and migration of breast and gastric cancer cells by downregulating the expression of chemokine receptor CXCR4. Mol Cancer 10:107

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Matteucci E, Ridolfi E, Maroni P, Bendinelli P, Desiderio MA (2007) c-Src/histone deacetylase 3 interaction is crucial for hepatocyte growth factor dependent decrease of CXCR4 expression in highly invasive breast tumor cells. Mol Cancer Res 5:833–845

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moriuchi M, Moriuchi H, Turner W, Fauci AS (1997) Cloning and analysis of the promoter region of CXCR4, a coreceptor for HIV-1 entry. J Immunol 159:4322–4329

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Muller A, Homey B, Soto H, Ge N, Catron D, Buchanan ME et al (2001) Involvement of chemokine receptors in breast cancer metastasis. Nature 410:50–56

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nagasawa T, Hirota S, Tachibana K, Takakura N, Nishikawa S, Kitamura Y et al (1996) Defects of B-cell lymphopoiesis and bone-marrow myelopoiesis in mice lacking the CXC chemokine PBSF/SDF-1. Nature 382:635–638

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • New DC, Wong YH (2007) Molecular mechanisms mediating the g protein-coupled receptor regulation of cell cycle progression. J Mol Signal 2:2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oh SJ, Jung SP, Han J, Kim S, Kim JS, Nam SJ et al (2013) Silibinin inhibits tpa-induced cell migration and MMP-9 expression in thyroid and breast cancer cells. Oncol Rep 29:1343–1348

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Orimo A, Gupta PB, Sgroi DC, Arenzana-Seisdedos F, Delaunay T, Naeem R et al (2005) Stromal fibroblasts present in invasive human breast carcinomas promote tumor growth and angiogenesis through elevated SDF-1/CXCL12 secretion. Cell 121:335–348

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Phillips RJ, Burdick MD, Lutz M, Belperio JA, Keane MP, Strieter RM (2003) The stromal derived factor-1/CXCL12-CXC chemokine receptor 4 biological axis in non-small cell lung cancer metastases. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 167:1676–1686

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pitcher JA, Freedman NJ, Lefkowitz RJ (1998) G protein-coupled receptor kinases. Annu Rev Biochem 67:653–692

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Platt D, Amara S, Mehta T, Vercuyssee K, Myles EL, Johnson T et al (2014) Violacein inhibits matrix metalloproteinase mediated CXCR4 expression: potential anti-tumor effect in cancer invasion and metastasis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 455:107–112

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Premont RT, Gainetdinov RR (2007) Physiological roles of g protein-coupled receptor kinases and arrestins. Annu Rev Physiol 69:511–534

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rahimi M, George J, Tang C (2010) EGFR variant-mediated invasion by enhanced CXCR4 expression through transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms. Int J Cancer 126:1850–1860

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rahman KM, Sarkar FH, Banerjee S, Wang Z, Liao DJ, Hong X et al (2006) Therapeutic intervention of experimental breast cancer bone metastasis by indole-3-carbinol in SCID-human mouse model. Mol Cancer Ther 5:2747–2756

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ramsey DM, McAlpine SR (2013) Halting metastasis through CXCR4 inhibition. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 23:20–25

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ridley AJ, Schwartz MA, Burridge K, Firtel RA, Ginsberg MH, Borisy G et al (2003) Cell migration: integrating signals from front to back. Science 302:1704–1709

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Robinson JD, Pitcher JA (2013) G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) is a Rho-activated scaffold protein for the ERK MAP kinase cascade. Cell Signal 25:2831–2839

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rollins BJ (1997) Chemokines. Blood 90:909–928

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rozengurt E (1998) Signal transduction pathways in the mitogenic response to g protein-coupled neuropeptide receptor agonists. J Cell Physiol 177:507–517

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schioppa T, Uranchimeg B, Saccani A, Biswas SK, Doni A, Rapisarda A et al (2003) Regulation of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 by hypoxia. J Exp Med 198:1391–1402

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A (2015) Cancer statistics, 2015. CA Cancer J Clin 65:5–29

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Singh AK, Arya RK, Trivedi AK, Sanyal S, Baral R, Dormond O et al (2013) Chemokine receptor trio: CXCR3, CXCR4 and CXCR7 crosstalk via CXCL11 and CXCL12. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 24:41–49

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith H, Whittall C, Weksler B, Middleton J (2012) Chemokines stimulate bidirectional migration of human mesenchymal stem cells across bone marrow endothelial cells. Stem Cells Dev 21:476–486

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Staller P, Sulitkova J, Lisztwan J, Moch H, Oakeley EJ, Krek W (2003) Chemokine receptor CXCR4 downregulated by von Hippel-Lindau tumour suppressor pVHL. Nature 425:307–311

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Steeg PS (2003) Metastasis suppressors alter the signal transduction of cancer cells. Nat Rev Cancer 3:55–63

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sung B, Jhurani S, Ahn KS, Mastuo Y, Yi T, Guha S et al (2008) Zerumbone down-regulates chemokine receptor CXCR4 expression leading to inhibition of CXCL12-induced invasion of breast and pancreatic tumor cells. Cancer Res 68:8938–8944

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tarnowski M, Grymula K, Reca R, Jankowski K, Maksym R, Tarnowska J et al (2010) Regulation of expression of stromal-derived factor-1 receptors: CXCR4 and CXCR7 in human rhabdomyosarcomas. Mol Cancer Res 8:1–14

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tashiro K, Tada H, Heilker R, Shirozu M, Nakano T, Honjo T (1993) Signal sequence trap: a cloning strategy for secreted proteins and type I membrane proteins. Science 261:600–603

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vinante F, Rigo A, Scupoli MT, Pizzolo G (2002) CD30 triggering by agonistic antibodies regulates CXCR4 expression and CXCL12 chemotactic activity in the cell line L540. Blood 99:52–60

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Viola A, Luster AD (2008) Chemokines and their receptors: drug targets in immunity and inflammation. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 48:171–197

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang J, Wang J, Dai J, Jung Y, Wei CL, Wang Y et al (2007) A glycolytic mechanism regulating an angiogenic switch in prostate cancer. Cancer Res 67:149–159

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang Y, Chen Y, Wang J, Chen J, Aggarwal BB, Pang X et al (2012) Xanthohumol, a prenylated chalcone derived from hops, suppresses cancer cell invasion through inhibiting the expression of CXCR4 chemokine receptor. Curr Mol Med 12:153–162

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Xu TP, Shen H, Liu LX, Shu YQ (2013) The impact of chemokine receptor CXCR4 on breast cancer prognosis: a meta-analysis. Cancer Epidemiol 37:725–731

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yadav VR, Sung B, Prasad S, Kannappan R, Cho SG, Liu M et al (2010) Celastrol suppresses invasion of colon and pancreatic cancer cells through the downregulation of expression of CXCR4 chemokine receptor. J Mol Med 88:1243–1253

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yang P, Liang SX, Huang WH, Zhang HW, Li XL, Xie LH et al (2014) Aberrant expression of CXCR4 significantly contributes to metastasis and predicts poor clinical outcome in breast cancer. Curr Mol Med 14:174–184

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yodkeeree S, Ampasavate C, Sung B, Aggarwal BB, Limtrakul P (2010) Demethoxycurcumin suppresses migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell line. Eur J Pharmacol 627:8–15

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zagzag D, Krishnamachary B, Yee H, Okuyama H, Chiriboga L, Ali MA et al (2005) Stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha and CXCR4 expression in hemangioblastoma and clear cell-renal cell carcinoma: von Hippel-Lindau loss-of-function induces expression of a ligand and its receptor. Cancer Res 65:6178–6188

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang Z, Ni C, Chen W, Wu P, Wang Z, Yin J et al (2014) Expression of CXCR4 and breast cancer prognosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Cancer 14:49

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao M, Mueller BM, DiScipio RG, Schraufstatter IU (2008) Akt plays an important role in breast cancer cell chemotaxis to CXCL12. Breast Cancer Res Treat 110:211–222

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zou YR, Kottmann AH, Kuroda M, Taniuchi I, Littman DR (1998) Function of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 in haematopoiesis and in cerebellar development. Nature 393:595–599

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Room-715 HWCRC Bldg., 4100 John R Street, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA

    Sanjeev Banerjee PhD & Bin Bao

  2. Department of Surgery, VM Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, 110062, India

    Shivani B Paruthy

  3. Radiation Oncology Lab., School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India

    Paul R Rajamani

Authors
  1. Sanjeev Banerjee PhD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Shivani B Paruthy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Paul R Rajamani
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Bin Bao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sanjeev Banerjee PhD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Prince Fahd Research Chair, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, FAMS, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia

    Mohammad Fahad Ullah

  2. Department of Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA

    Aamir Ahmad

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Banerjee, S., Paruthy, S.B., Rajamani, P.R., Bao, B. (2016). Pivotal Role of Chemokine Receptor Signaling Axis and Natural Bioactive Chemopreventive Agents in Metastasis of Breast Cancer. In: Ullah, M., Ahmad, A. (eds) Critical Dietary Factors in Cancer Chemoprevention. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21461-0_14

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation