Abstract
This paper focuses on the design of amplifiers that achieve micro-volt offset by employing dynamic offset reduction techniques, which include chopping, auto-zeroing and chopper stabilization. The working principles and non-idealities of these techniques will be described. The up-modulated offset associated with chopping causes ripple, which can be a significant source of error if not filtered effectively. Thus, various ripple reduction techniques are introduced to suppress this ripple to the micro-volt level. Also discussed is the ping-pong architecture, which enables the realization of auto-zeroed amplifiers with continuous-time behavior. Examples of chopped amplifiers, auto-zeroed amplifiers and chopper stabilized amplifiers are presented, as well as designs in which multiple techniques are combined.
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Fan, Q., Huising, J.H., Makinwa, K.A.A. (2016). Advances in Low-Offset Opamps. In: Makinwa, K., Baschirotto, A., Harpe, P. (eds) Efficient Sensor Interfaces, Advanced Amplifiers and Low Power RF Systems. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21185-5_11
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21185-5_11
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