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Role of Mechanical Stress in Lung Repair and Regeneration

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Stem Cells in the Lung

Part of the book series: Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine ((STEMCELL))

Abstract

Mechanical stress stimulates a broad array of metabolic pathways to sustain lung development and maturation. Mechanical signals also re-initiate compensatory lung growth and remodeling following major loss of lung units, leading to partial to complete restoration of normal structural dimensions and function. The threshold, optimal range, and upper limit of mechanically induced adaptation have been characterized in a pneumonectomy model, and two independent though interrelated mechanical stimuli, tissue and microvascular deformation, identified. Exogenous growth promoters moderately enhance compensatory lung growth only in the presence of active mechanical signals. How to translate mechanically induced structural growth into added functional benefit at the whole organ level remains a major challenge. Here, we review the risk-benefit trade-offs of mechano-sensitive responses and discuss potential approaches to realizing the innate potential for re-growth and remodeling in native as well as bioengineered lungs.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the important support by National Institutes of Health grants R01 HL040070 and UO1 HL111146. The contents of this article are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the National Heart, Lung , and Blood Institute or of the National Institutes of Health.

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  1. Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390-9034, USA

    Connie C. W. Hsia & Priya Ravikumar

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Correspondence to Connie C. W. Hsia .

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  1. Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

    Ivan Bertoncello

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Hsia, C.C.W., Ravikumar, P. (2015). Role of Mechanical Stress in Lung Repair and Regeneration. In: Bertoncello, I. (eds) Stem Cells in the Lung. Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21082-7_12

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