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To Live or Die: Autophagy in Plants

  • Chapter
Plant Programmed Cell Death

Abstract

Turnover of macromolecules is critical for cell homeostasis, nutrient recycling, and clearance of damage during environmental stress. These processes typically contribute to cell survival and function. Cell death pathways also require macromolecule degradation, as intracellular components are broken down as part of the death process. Autophagy is a self-digestion mechanism that functions in all of these processes by transferring cell parts to the vacuole for degradation by vacuolar hydrolases, followed by recycling of the breakdown products. How the function of autophagy switches between cell survival and cell death is still unknown. Autophagy is activated by a wide variety of stress conditions and developmental cues, and the signaling pathways for activation in plants are just beginning to be elucidated. In this chapter we describe the molecular mechanism and potential substrates of autophagy, its regulation in response to various signals, its physiological roles during development and stress, and the relationship between autophagy and programmed cell death in plants.

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Abbreviations

4E-BP1:

eIF4E-binding protein 1

AML1:

Arabidopsis Mei2-like 1

ATF6:

Activating transcription factor 6

ATG:

Autophagy-related

EBP1:

ErbB-3 epidermal growth factor receptor binding protein

ER:

Endoplasmic reticulum

HR:

Hypersensitive response

IRE1:

Inositol-requiring enzyme-1

LST8:

Lethal with Sec Thirteen 8

MAMP:

Microbe-associated molecular pattern

PAMP:

Pathogen-associated molecular pattern

PAS:

Phagophore assembly site

PCD:

Programmed cell death

PE:

Phosphatidylinositol

PP2A:

Protein phosphatase 2A

PtdIns3K:

Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase

RAPTOR:

Regulatory-associated protein of TOR

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

S6K:

Ribosomal p70 S6 kinase

SA:

Salicylic acid

SNARE:

Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor

TOR:

Target of rapamycin

UPR:

Unfolded protein response

VPE:

Vacuolar processing enzyme

VPS:

Vacuolar protein sorting

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Acknowledgments

Work on autophagy in the author’s laboratory is supported by grants from the National Science Foundation (#MCB-1051818 and IOS-1353867 to DCB).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA

    Brice E. Floyd, Yunting Pu, Junmarie Soto-Burgos & Diane C. Bassham

Authors
  1. Brice E. Floyd
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  2. Yunting Pu
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  3. Junmarie Soto-Burgos
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  4. Diane C. Bassham
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Diane C. Bassham .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada

    Arunika N. Gunawardena

  2. School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

    Paul F. McCabe

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Floyd, B.E., Pu, Y., Soto-Burgos, J., Bassham, D.C. (2015). To Live or Die: Autophagy in Plants. In: Gunawardena, A.N., McCabe, P.F. (eds) Plant Programmed Cell Death. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21033-9_11

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