Abstract
Direct connections between lexico-syntactic units and cognitive relations present in the schema (frame).
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Notes
- 1.
Example [3] comes from a street outdoor, and [6] from an ad in a weekly news magazine.
- 2.
The ADESSE database gives, for salir ‘come out’, the presence of the Theme (móvil) in 99.9 % of the cases; the Source (origen) occurs in 40.4 %. Compare with Goal (15.5 %), Path (3.2 %). These numbers suggest that Source is indeed one of the core CSRs for Spanish salir, a very close translation of sair.
- 3.
In Portuguese both relations are marked with em (here agglutinated with the article o into no).
- 4.
This was observed by Herbst (internet): “participant roles […] can take the form of verb specific or more general roles”.
- 5.
Elaborate CSRs correspond roughly to the frame elements found in FrameNet, where they are described as “frame-specific semantic role names”.
- 6.
The ADESSE system would analyze de peso de papéis ‘as a paperweight’ as Finalidad ‘purpose’, which is possibly adequate; and esse tijolo ‘this brick’ is analyzed as Entidad—but “Entity” is not a relation.
- 7.
Let me add that this formulation is only a very clumsy attempt at representing a concept present in our semantic memory. The concept itself is clear, witness the fact that we understand [17] without difficulty; it is only hard to express in suitable words.
- 8.
FrameNet lists cases like this under the frame (schema) EMPTYING; of insects would be the Theme.
- 9.
That is, we do not need to mark it as the Experiencer in the diathesis.
- 10.
This ability to take different paths towards the same aim is pointed out as one of the differences between computers and the human mind: “We usually know several different ways to do something, so that if one of them fails, there’s always another.” (Minsky 1995, p. 156).
- 11.
FrameNet gives more schematic relations, respectively CAUSE_TO_MAKE_NOISE and COMPETITION.
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Perini, M.A. (2015). Direct Schema Connections. In: Describing Verb Valency. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20985-2_9
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