Abstract
The transfer of cryogenic liquids like LNG down pipes is not as simple as pumping water. The difference is that cryogenic liquids are stored at their boiling points, whilst water is stored at ambient temperature, which is a long way from its boiling point at 100 °C.
Pumping the boiling liquid can easily lead to much vapour generation, and 2-phase flow. The result is that the pumped mass flow reduces to a minimum or to zero.
The simple way to stop this transfer disaster is to use pressure sub-cooling of the liquid.
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Scurlock, R.G. (2016). Liquid Transfers Avoiding 2-Phase Flow. In: Stratification, Rollover and Handling of LNG, LPG and Other Cryogenic Liquid Mixtures. SpringerBriefs in Energy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20696-7_8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20696-7_8
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
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