Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Silicone Excipients in Pharmaceutical Drug Delivery Applications

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Excipient Applications in Formulation Design and Drug Delivery

Abstract

Silicones have been used in medicines, cosmetics and medical devices for over 60 years. Polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS) are commonly used as an active in many oral antiflatulent remedies and topically applied skin protectant creams, and ointments. The plethora of physical forms and the physio-chemical properties that silicones can display has led to their adoption in a diverse array of healthcare applications in different physical forms including as excipients in topical and transdermal drug delivery systems. Unique characteristics like hydrophobicity, low surface tension, and aesthetics intrinsically associated with silicones offer function and performance to drug delivery products. Recent research investigations support the use of silicone based pressure sensitive adhesives for their skin-friendliness, and also to enhance the efficacy of the drug in the transdermal drug delivery patch products. Similarly, in topical drug delivery applications, silicone based novel excipients have demonstrated their capability in improving drug delivery efficiency. Recent silicone technologies like swollen crosslinked silicone elastomer blend networks, sugar siloxanes, amphiphilic resin linear polymers, and silicone based hybrid pressure sensitive adhesives promise potential performance advantages and improved drug delivery efficacy in topical or transdermal drug delivery systems.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Abbreviations

ANDA:

Abbreviated new drug application

ARL:

Amphiphilic resin linear

EP:

European Pharmacopeia

HEC:

Hydroxyethyl cellulose

HIV:

Human immunodeficiency virus

IVR:

Intravaginal ring

Log P:

Octanol–water partition coefficient

NF:

National Formulary

NMDA:

N-methyl-D-aspartate

NSAIDs:

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

OTC:

Over-the-counter

PDMS:

Polydimetyl siloxanes

PEG:

Poly(ethylene glycol)

PIB:

Polyisobutylenes

PSA:

Silicone pressure sensitive adhesive

REACh:

Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals

SEB:

Silicone elastomer blend

SIS:

Styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymers

TDDS:

Transdermal drug delivery systems

TEWL:

Transepidermal water loss

Tg:

Glass transition temperature

USP:

United States Pharmacopeia

References

  • Aguadisch LMJ (1999) Topical composition containing silicon gum. EP966972A1, 1999

    Google Scholar 

  • Ahn TS, Lee J-P, Kim J, Oh SY, Chun M-K, Choi H-K Effect of pressure sensitive adhesive and vehicles on permeation of terbinafine across porcine hoof membrane. Arch Pharmacal Res (Ahead of Print)

    Google Scholar 

  • Akimoto T, Nagase Y (2003) Novel transdermal drug penetration enhancer: synthesis and enhancing effect of alkyldisiloxane compounds containing glucopyranosyl group. J Controll Release 88:243–252

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Akimoto T, Aoyagi T, Minoshima J-i, Nagase Y (1997) Polymeric percutaneous drug penetration enhancer. Synthesis and enhancing property of PEG/PDMS block copolymer with a cationic end group. J Controll Release 49:229–242

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Akimoto T, Kawahara K, Nagase Y, Aoyagi T (2001) Polymeric transdermal drug penetration enhancer. The enhancing effect of oligodimethylsiloxane containing a glucopyranosyl end group. J Controll Release 77:49–57

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Aliyar H, Andersen T, Huber R, Loubert G, Schalau G II, Swier S (2014a) Amphiphilic resin linear silicone copolymers for pharmaceutical drug delivery. WO2014151587A2

    Google Scholar 

  • Aliyar H, Huber R, Loubert G, Schalau G (2014b) Efficient ibuprofen delivery from anhydrous semisolid formulation based on a novel cross-linked silicone polymer network: an in vitro and in vivo study. J Pharm Sci 103:2005–2011

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Allen L (ed) (2013) Remington’s pharmaceutical sciences, 22 edn. Pharmaceutical Press, Philadelphia

    Google Scholar 

  • Ansell J (2001) Siloxanes as human ectoparasiticides. WO2001019190A1

    Google Scholar 

  • Arunakumari A (2013) Methods for enhanced protein production. US 2013/0017577 A1

    Google Scholar 

  • Aust DT, Jones DP, Shah BP (2005) Pharmaceutical topical anhydrous aerosol foams. US20050287081A1

    Google Scholar 

  • Badkar A, Wolf A, Bohack L, Kolhe P (2011) Development of biotechnology products in pre-filled syringes: technical considerations and approaches. AAPS PharmSciTech 12:564–572

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Baker J (2012) Methods of treating fungal, yeast and mold infections. US 2012/0276182 A1

    Google Scholar 

  • Barry BW (2001) Novel mechanisms and devices to enable successful transdermal drug delivery. Eur J Pharm Sci 14:101–114

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Belosinschi D, Chabot B, Brouillette F (2012) Release paper: can phosphate esters be an alternative to silicone? BioResources 7:902–912

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bhatt PP, Raul VA (1995) Method for controlling release of an active agent or drug from a silicone rubber matrix. EP688564A2

    Google Scholar 

  • Biggs TN, Legrow GE (1996) Lightly crosslinked poly(n-alkylmethylsiloxanes) with stable melt flow viscosity. US5493041A

    Google Scholar 

  • Bilgic M (2012) Montelukast combinations containing lubricants. TR2010009394A2

    Google Scholar 

  • Black J (ed) (1992) Biological performance of materials: fundamentals of biocompatibility, 2nd edn. vol Copyright (C) 2013 American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved. Dekker Boca Raton, USA

    Google Scholar 

  • Boyd T, Ontumi D, Mandadi P, Chopra S (2013) Oral care whitening compositions. WO2013095369A2

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown KK, Rehmus WE, Kimball AB (2006) Determining the relative importance of patient motivations for nonadherence to topical corticosteroid therapy in psoriasis. J Am Acad Dermatol 55:607–613

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bruner S, Freedman J (2006) Pressure-sensitive adhesives. Silicone pressure-sensitive adhesives versus tacky gels. Drug Deliv Technol 6:48–52

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brunton ERBIF, Burgess NA (2013) Single application of 4 % dimeticone liquid gel versus two applications of 1 % permethrin creme rinse for treatment of head louse infestation: a randomised controlled trial. BMC Dermatol 13(5):7

    Google Scholar 

  • Bunick FJ, Sowden HS, Luber JR, Kriksunov LB, Szymczak CE (2011) Manufacture of tablet in a die utilizing radiofrequency energy and meltable binder. US20110071184A1

    Google Scholar 

  • Burgess IF (2009) The mode of action of dimeticone 4 % lotion against head lice, Pediculus capitis. BMC Pharmacol 9:3

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Burgess IF, Burgess NA (2011) Dimeticone 4 % liquid gel found to kill all lice and eggs with a single 15 min application. BMC Res Notes 4:15

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Burgess IF, Brown CM, Lee PN (2005) Treatment of head louse infestation with 4 % dimeticone lotion: randomised controlled equivalence trial. BMJ 330:1423

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Carroll CL, Feldman SR, Camacho FT, Balkrishnan R (2004) Better medication adherence results in greater improvement in severity of psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 151:895–897

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chen J-C, Sowden HS, Luber JR, Kriksunov LB, Bunick FJ, Szymczak CE (2011) Manufacture of lozenge product with radiofrequency. US20110071183A1

    Google Scholar 

  • Ciolino JB, Hoare TR, Iwata NG, Behlau I, Dohlman CH, Langer R, Kohane DS (2009) A drug-eluting contact lens. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 50:3346–3352

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Clemmensen S (1984) Cross-reaction patterns in guinea pigs sensitized to acrylic monomers. Drug Chem Toxicol 7:527–540 (1977)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Colas A, Curtis J Medical applications of silicones in biomaterials science. 2 edn. Elesevier, Inc. Oxford, UK

    Google Scholar 

  • Colas A, Rafidison P (2005) Silicones in new pharmaceutical developments, from formulations to manufacturing processes. PharmaChem 4:46–49

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Colas ALR, Moffatt VL, Hadgraft J, Renauld FAD (1993) Siloxanes as drug permeation enhancers. EP521607A1

    Google Scholar 

  • Colas A, Horstman JB, Swier S (2013) Amphiphilic resin-linear organosiloxane block copolymers. WO2013148979A1

    Google Scholar 

  • Cosmetic ingredient Review. Final report on the safety assessment of cyclomethicone (1991) J Am Coll Toxicol 10:9–19

    Google Scholar 

  • Creighton TE (1991) Stability of folded conformations. Curr Opin Struct Biol 1:5–16

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Creighton TE (1995) Protein folding. In: Meyers R (ed) Molecular biology and biotechnology, a comprehensive desk reference. VCH Publishers Inc., New York, pp 754–757

    Google Scholar 

  • Daniels R (2009)Strategies for skin penetration enhancement. Skin Care Forum (37) http://www.skin-care-forum.basf.com/en/articles/skin/strategies-for-skin-penetration-enhancement/2004/08/12?id=5b9a9164-6148-4d66-bd84-6df76bd6d111&mode=Detail Accessed May 14, 2013

  • Dansereau RJ, Burgio DE (2005) Dosage forms of bisphosphonates. US20050260262A1

    Google Scholar 

  • Darougar S, Weiner AL, Bhatt PP, Raul VA, Gantner DC (1999) Ocular insert with anchoring protrusions. United States Patent US005989579A

    Google Scholar 

  • De Paepe K, Sieg A, Meur M L, Rogiers V (2014) Silicones as nonocclusive topical agents. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 27:164–171

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dixit N (2013) Investigation of factors affecting protein-silicone oil interactions. Doctoral dissertation, University of Connecticut

    Google Scholar 

  • Dykes PJ, Heggie R, Hill SA (2001) Effects of adhesive dressings on the stratum corneum of the skin. J Wound Care 10:7–10

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Evans CW, Huber RO, Kanios DP, Loubert GL, Menjoulet TA, Mitchell TP, Nartker LS, Thomas XJ-P (2012) Single phase silicone acrylate formulation. US20120108560A1

    Google Scholar 

  • Fetherston SM, Boyd P, McCoy CF, McBride MC, Edwards K-L, Ampofo S, Malcolm RK (2013) A silicone elastomer vaginal ring for HIV prevention containing two microbicides with different mechanisms of action. Eur J Pharm Sci 48:406–415

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fisher AA (1956) Allergic sensitization of the skin and oral mucosa to acrylic resin denture materials. J Prosthet Dent 6(5):593–602

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fishlock R (2011) Environment canada reverses siloxane D5 decision. EHS Journal http://ehsjournal.org/http:/ehsjournal.org/robert-fishlock/canada-environment-canada-reverses-siloxane-d5-decision/2011/ Accessed May 14, 2013

  • Forbes CJ, Lowry D, Geer L, Veazey RS, Shattock RJ, Klasse PJ, Mitchnick M, Goldman L, Doyle LA, Muldoon BCO, Woolfson AD, Moore JP, Malcolm RK (2011) Non-aqueous silicone elastomer gels as a vaginal microbicide delivery system for the HIV-1 entry inhibitor maraviroc. J Controll Release 156:161–169

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Friend DR (2011) Advances in vaginal drug delivery. Drug Deliv Transl Res 1:183–184

    Google Scholar 

  • Fuisz R (2011) Multi-layer films having uniform content. US 2011/0200715 A1

    Google Scholar 

  • Fulton JE Jr (1989) Comedogenicity and irritancy of commonly used ingredients in skin care products. J Soc Cosmet Chem 40:321–333

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gantner D, Lachance K, Maxon B, Ulman K, Zellner DJ (2001) Fast cure film forming formulation. WO2001096450A2

    Google Scholar 

  • Gantner DC, Klykken PC, Raul VA, Schalau GK II (2004) Thomas X tuneable silicone matrices for sustained release of actives. In: 7th World Biomaterials Congress, Sydney, 17–21 May 2004. Australian Society for Biomaterials, p 856

    Google Scholar 

  • Ghosh TK, Pfister WR (eds) (1997) Transdermal and topical drug delivery systems. Vol Copyright (C) 2013 American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved. Interpharm Press, Inc. Buffalo Grove, USA

    Google Scholar 

  • Gupta KM, Pearce SM, Poursaid AE, Aliyar HA, Tresco PA, Mitchnik MA, Kiser PF (2008) Polyurethane intravaginal ring for controlled delivery of dapivirine, a nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor of HIV-1. J Pharm Sci 97:4228–4239 (Copyright (C) 2015 American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Guzey M, Ozardali I, Kilic A, Basar E, Dogan Z, Satici A, Karadede S (2001) The treatment of severe trachomatous dry eye with canalicular silicone plugs. Eye (London) 15:297–303

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hamada Y, Shimoda K (1994) Fluorosilicone release agent composition for release films with very stable release properties against pressure sensitive silicone adhesives. EP608780A2

    Google Scholar 

  • Heredia V, Bianco ID, Tribulo H, Cuesta G, Chesta P, Bo GA, Tribulo R, Mega VI, Beltramo DM (2008) Room temperature vulcanizing silicone sheaths on a reusable support for progesterone delivery in estrous synchronization treatments in cattle. Anim Reprod Sci 108:356–363

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heukelbach J, Oliveira FA, Richter J, Haussinger D (2010) Dimeticone-based pediculicides: a physical approach to eradicate head lice. Open Dermatol J 4:77–81

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hsu K-H, Fentzke RC, Chauhan A Feasibility of corneal drug delivery of cysteamine using vitamin E modified silicone hydrogel contact lenses. Eur J Pharm Biopharm (Ahead of Print)

    Google Scholar 

  • Jackson K, Miller KJ (2005) Transdermal systems containing multilayer adhesive matrixes to modify drug delivery. US20050202073A1

    Google Scholar 

  • Jacobs DS, Lim M, Carrasquillo KG, Rosenthal P (2009) Bevacizumab for corneal neovascularization. Ophthalmology 116:592–593 (author reply 593–594)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jain MR (1988) Drug delivery through soft contact lenses. Br J Ophthalmol 72:150–154 (Copyright (C) 2015 U.S. National Library of Medicine)

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Joffre EJ, McAuliffe JC, Kollar C (2006) Crosslinkable saccharide-siloxane compositions, and networks, coatings and articles formed therefrom. WO2006071772A2

    Google Scholar 

  • Johansson EDB, Sitruk-Ware R (2004) New delivery systems in contraception: vaginal rings. Am J Obstet Gynecol 190:S54–S59 Bioengineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City UT

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson TJ (2012) Antiretroviral eluting intravaginal rings to prevent the sexual transmission of HIV. Dissertation by the Bioengineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City UT

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson W Jr, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, Hill RA, Klaassen CD, Liebler DC, Marks JG Jr, Shank RC, Slaga TJ, Snyder PW, Andersen FA (2011) Safety assessment of cyclomethicone, cyclotetrasiloxane, cyclopentasiloxane, cyclohexasiloxane, and cycloheptasiloxane. Int J Toxicol 30:149S–227S

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jones LS, Kaufmann A, Middaugh CR (2005) Silicone oil induced aggregation of proteins. J Pharm Sci 94:918–927

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kandavilli S, Nair V, Panchagnula R (2002) Polymers in transdermal drug delivery systems. Pharm Technol North Am 26:62,64,66–68,70,72,74,76,78,80

    Google Scholar 

  • Kanios D (2001) Compositions and methods to effect the release profile in the transdermal administration of active agents. WO2001052823A2

    Google Scholar 

  • Kanios D, Hartwig R (2006) Compositions and methods for delivering estradiol in transdermal drug delivery systems. US20060078601A1

    Google Scholar 

  • Kapoor Y, Thomas JC, Tan G, John VT, Chauhan A (2009) Surfactant-laden soft contact lenses for extended delivery of ophthalmic drugs. Biomaterials 30:867–878

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kennan JJ, Messner KE (2009) Silicone-organic gels with polyalkyloxylene crosslinked silicone elastomers. WO2009006091A2

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim D-K, Lee S-B, Doh K-S (1998) Surface properties of fluorosilicone copolymers and their surface modification effects on PVC film. J Colloid Interface Sci 205:417–422

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kiser PF, Johnson TJ, Clark JT (2012) State of the art in intravaginal ring technology for topical prophylaxis of HIV infection. AIDS Rev 14:62–77

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Klimisch HM (1991) Personal care applications. Chem Anal (N Y) 112:117–132

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koenig DW, Schroeder KC, Krautkramer CD, Cohen JC, Hoffman DR, Stahl KD (2006) Skin cleansing system comprising an anti-adherent formulation and a cationic compound. US20060140899A1

    Google Scholar 

  • Kokubo T, Sugibayashi K, Morimoto Y (1994) Interaction between drugs and pressure-sensitive adhesives in transdermal therapeutic systems. Pharm Res 11:104–107

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kollar C, Thomas X, Caprasse V, Joffre EJ, Gantner DC, Raul VA (2007) Novel silicone film former comprising a saccharide-siloxane copolymer and a crosslinking agent, for topical and transdermal delivery of drugs or cosmetics. WO2007139812A2

    Google Scholar 

  • Lam UT, Kieffer PE, Flugge-Berendes L (2010) Cleansing personal care compositions for skin and hair including modified sorbitan siloxanes and use thereof. WO2010049830A2

    Google Scholar 

  • Lauterbach T, Schollmayer E (2003) Trans-epicutaneous administration of rotigotine for treating restless leg syndrome. WO2003092677A1

    Google Scholar 

  • Leopold CS, Lippold BC (1995) Enhancing effects of lipophilic vehicles on skin penetration of Methyl Nicotinate in vivo. J Pharm Sci 84:195–198

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lesher GA, Gunderson GG (1993) Continuous drug delivery through the use of disposable contact lenses. Optom Vis Sci 70:1012–1018 (Copyright (C) 2015 U.S. National Library of Medicine)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lin SB, Stark-Kasley LA (2009) Silicone organic elastomer gels from organopolysiloxane resins. WO2009042535A2

    Google Scholar 

  • Lin SB, Durfee LD, Ekeland RA, McVie J, Schalau GK II (2007) Recent advances in silicone pressure-sensitive adhesives. J Adhes Sci Technol 21:605–623

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lin SB, Durfee LD, Knott AA, Schalau GK II (2009) Silicone pressure-sensitive adhesives. In: Benedek I, Feldstein MM (eds) Technology of pressure-sensitive adhesives and products, vol 2. Handbook of pressure-sensitive adheisves and products, 2009 edn. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 6/1–6/26

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu M, Pacard E, Ragheb AM, Zelisko PM, Brook MA (2004) Stabilisation of protein-containing water-in-oil emulsions. EDP Sci 11: 152–162

    Google Scholar 

  • Loubert GL, Menjoulet TA, Mitchell TP, Thomas XJ-P (2012) Silicone acrylate hybrid composition and method of making same. US20120114737A1

    Google Scholar 

  • Malcolm RK, Woolfson AD, Toner CF, Morrow RJ, McCullagh SD (2005) Long-term, controlled release of the HIV microbicide TMC120 from silicone elastomer vaginal rings. J Antimicrob Chemother 56:954–956

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mantelle J (2010) Transdermal estrogen device and delivery. US20100008991A1

    Google Scholar 

  • Maxon B, Starch M (2013) Formulating skin care products with silicones: approaches and strategies. In: Dayan N (ed) Apply topically: a practical guide to formulating topical applications. Allured Publishing Corporation, Carol Stream, pp 59–114

    Google Scholar 

  • Metovia VL, Woodard JT (1987). US 4655767

    Google Scholar 

  • Mishell DR Jr, Lumkin ME (1970) Contraceptive effect of varying dosages of progestogen in silastic vaginal rings. Fertil Steril 21:99–103

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mishell DR Jr, Talas M, Parlow AF, Moyer DL (1970) Contraception by means of a silastic vaginal ring impregnated with medroxyprogesterone acetate. Am J Obstet Gynecol 107:100–107

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mokkaphan J, Banlunara W, Palaga T, Sombuntham P, Wanichwecharungruang S (2014) Silicone surface with drug nanodepots for medical devices. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 6:20188–20196

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Moss JA, Malone AM, Smith TJ, Kennedy S, Kopin E, Nguyen C, Gilman J, Butkyavichene I, Vincent KL, Motamedi M, Friend DR, Clark MR, Baum MM (2012) Simultaneous delivery of tenofovir and acyclovir via an intravaginal ring. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 56:875–882

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nagase Y, Aoyagi T, Akimoto T, Fuchikami T (1992) Novel silicones for transdermal therapeutic system. 5. A novel method of preparation of carboxy-terminated poly(dimethyl siloxane) and its enhancing effect on transdermal drug penetration. Makromol Chem Rapid Commun 13:441–446

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Naruse M, K-i O, Kimura T, Konishi R, Higaki K (2012) Development of transdermal therapeutic formulation of CNS5161, a novel N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, by utilizing pressure-sensitive adhesives I. Biol Pharm Bull 35:321–328

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Niazi SK (2004) Handbook of pharmaceutical manufacturing formulations: semisolid products. CRC Press, Boca Raton, USA

    Google Scholar 

  • Niki Y, Yarosh DB, Matsui MS, Yoshida M, Ichihashi M (2011) Skin lightening compositions comprising type I ATPase inhibitors. WO2011085015A2

    Google Scholar 

  • Noll W (1968) Chemistry and technology of silicones. Academic, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Owens MJ (1993) Surface chemistry and applications. In: Clarson SJ, Semlyen JA (eds) Siloxane Polymers PTR. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs

    Google Scholar 

  • Pearlman DL (2004) A simple treatment for head lice: dry-on, suffocation-based pediculicide. Pediatrics 114:e275–e279

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pedlar B (2012) Covalon announces FDA clearance for SurgiClearâ„¢ antimicrobial silicone wound dressing. http://www.covalon.com/press-release/30/covalon-announces-fda-clearance-for-surgiclear-antimicrobial-silicone-wound-dressing. Accessed 9 Aug 2013

  • Peng C-C, Burke MT, Chauhan A (2012) Transport of topical anesthetics in vitamin E loaded silicone hydrogel contact lenses. Langmuir 28:1478–1487 (Copyright (C) 2015 American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Phillips PJ, Smith SG, Kolpin DW, Zaugg SD, Buxton HT, Furlong ET, Esposito K, Stinson B (2010) Pharmaceutical formulation facilities as sources of opioids and other pharmaceuticals to wastewater treatment plant effluents. Environ Sci Technol 44:4910–4916

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pitt WG, Jack DR, Zhao Y, Nelson JL, Pruitt JD (2012) Transport of phospholipid in silicone hydrogel contact lenses. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 23:527–541 (Copyright (C) 2015 U.S. National Library of Medicine)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Platt AJ, Phipps A, Judkins K (1996) A comparative study of silicone net dressing and paraffin gauze dressing in skin-grafted sites. Burns 22:543–545

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Polly F, Rosenfield A (1998) Contraceptive research, introduction, and use: lessons from Norplant. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C, pp 107–114

    Google Scholar 

  • Poston J (2000) The use of silicone gel sheeting in the management of hypertrophic and keloid scars. J Wound Care 9:10–16

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rathbone MJ, Bunt CR, Burggraaf S (1997) Synchronizing of animal estrus and intravaginal devices useful therein. WO9740776A1

    Google Scholar 

  • Raul VA, Schalau GK II, Thomas X (2005) Pressure sensitive adhesives for delivering hydrophilic drugs using a silicone polyether. WO2005092300A1

    Google Scholar 

  • Raul VA, Schalau GK, Starch M (2006) Controlled release of active ingredients from cross-linked silicones. Cosmet Toilet 121:69–72

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • REACH—Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (2013) European Commission. http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/sectors/chemicals/reach/index_en.htm. Accessed 25 Nov 2013

  • Reder RF, Goldenheim PD (1998) Sustained analgesia achieved with buprenorphine. WO9836728A2

    Google Scholar 

  • Riess JG, Krafft MP (1998) Fluorinated materials for in vivo oxygen transport (blood substitutes), diagnosis and drug delivery. Biomaterials 19:1529–1539

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Robb WL (1968) Thin silicone membranes–their permeation properties and some applications. Ann N Y Acad Sci 146:119–137

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Robert Llewellyn APAS, Feldman EG, Williams D, Schlegel JF (1986) Handbook of nonprescription drugs, 8 edn. American pharmaceutical association, Washington DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Rohan LC, Sassi AB (2009) Vaginal drug delivery systems for HIV prevention. AAPS J 11:78–87 (Copyright (C) 2015 American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved)

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rosen MR (ed) (2005) Delivery system handbook for personal care and cosmetic products: technology, applications, and formulations. William Andrew, Inc. Norwich, USA

    Google Scholar 

  • Roy SD, Gutierrez M, Flynn GL, Cleary GW (1996) Controlled transdermal delivery of fentanyl: characterizations of pressure-sensitive adhesives for matrix patch design. J Pharm Sci 85:491–495

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ruiz AM, Maerz JC, Davis AK, Keel MK, Ferreira AR, Conroy MJ, Morris LA, Fisk AT (2010) Patterns of development and abnormalities among tadpoles in a constructed wetland receiving treated wastewater. Environ Sci Technol 44:4862–4868

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sato S, Kobayashi, I. Nishiu, Y (1983) Base composition and external pharmaceutical composition. JP 58128324 A

    Google Scholar 

  • Saxena A, Joshi PR (2013) Hydrophilic silicone adhesive compositions specifically developed for healthcare applications. WO2013103537A1

    Google Scholar 

  • Schalau II GSJ (2009) Soft skin adhesive gels and liners: new formulating options for tailored solutions. China Med Device Manuf 5(2):47

    Google Scholar 

  • Schalau G, Ulman K (2009) Silicone excipients in drug development. Contract Pharma 11(5) http://www.contractpharma.com/issues/2009-06/view_features/silicone-excipients-in-drug-development Accessed 19 July 2015

  • Schalau GK II, Thomas XJ-P, Raul VA, Gantner DC (2007) Silicone adhesive compositions for adhesion to wet surfaces. WO2007084266A2

    Google Scholar 

  • Schultz CL, Poling TR, Mint JO (2009) A medical device/drug delivery system for treatment of glaucoma. Clin Exp Optom 92:343–348

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sene C (2003) Silicone excipients for aesthetically superior and substantive topical pharmaceutical formulations. PharmaChem 2:17–20 (Copyright (C) 2013 American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sene CN, David, Tan-Sien-Hee L, Ulman K (2002) Silicones as excipients for topical formulations Dow Corning, Midland

    Google Scholar 

  • Smolen VF, Kuehn PB, Williams EJ (1975) Idealized approach to the optimal design, development, and evaluation of drug delivery systems. II. Optimization of drug bioavailability inputs and in vitro drug release testing. Drug Dev Commun 1:231–258 (Copyright (C) 2015 American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stedman T (2005). Stedman’s Medical dictionary, 28 edn. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Baltimore, USA

    Google Scholar 

  • Stinchcomb AL, Li G, Banks SL, Howard JL, Golinski MJ (2011) Abuse-deterrent transdermal formulations of opiate agonists and agonist-antagonists. WO2011123866A1

    Google Scholar 

  • Stojanovic A, Olveira S, Fischer M, Seeger S (2013) Polysiloxane Nanotubes. Chem Mater 25:2787–2792

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tamarkin D, Eini M, Friedman D, Besonov A, Schuz D, Berman T, Danziger J, Keynan R, Zlatkis E (2013) Hydrophilic, non-aqueous pharmaceutical carriers and compositions and uses. US8486374B2

    Google Scholar 

  • Teixeira RFA, van den Berg O, Nguyen L-TT, Feher K, Du Prez FE (2014) Microencapsulation of active ingredients using PDMS as shell material. Macromolecules 47:8231–8237

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ternes TA, Meisenheimer M, McDowell D, Sacher F, Brauch H-J, Haist-Gulde B, Preuss G, Wilme U, Zulei-Seibert N (2002) Removal of pharmaceuticals during drinking water treatment. Environ Sci Technol 36:3855–3863

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ternes TA, Joss A, Siegrist H (2004) Scrutinizing pharmaceuticals and personal care products in wastewater treatment. Environ Sci Technol 38:392A–399A

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Testa B (2004) Transdermal and topical drug delivery. From theory to clinical practice by Adrian C. Williams. Pharm Res 21:1944–1945

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thanawala SK, Chaudhury MK (2000) Surface modification of silicone elastomer using perfluorinated ether. Langmuir 16:1256–1260

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • The United States Pharmacopeia (2013) Vol. 36; National Formulary, Vol. 31. U.S. Pharmacop. Conv.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thomas NR (2010) Frederic Stanley Kipping-pioneer in silicon chemistry: his life & legacy. Silicon 2:187–193

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas X, Mitchell TP (2012) Topical compositions comprising a nonadhesive film forming silicone acrylate hybrid. WO2012095752A2

    Google Scholar 

  • Tolia G, Kevin LS (2012) Study of drug release and tablet characteristics of silicone adhesive matrix tablets. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 82:518–525

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ulman KLZI, Neun DJ (2006) Designing quality into the manufacture of adhesives targeted for healthcare applications. Drug Deliv Technol 6(2):76

    Google Scholar 

  • Ulman K, Thomas X (1995) Silicone pressure sensitive adhesives for healthcare applications. In: Advances in pressure sensitive adhesives technology. Satas & Associates, Warwick

    Google Scholar 

  • US-FDA (2014) National Drug Code Directory NDC Search

    Google Scholar 

  • Van RI (2006) Beyond skin feel: innovative methods for developing complex sensory profiles with silicones. J Cosmet Dermatol 5:61–67

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • van dKPC, de HD, de KJ, Cobelens SA, Kuipers MV (2000) Patient compliance and disease management in the treatment of psoriasis in the Netherlands. Dermatology 200:292–298

    Google Scholar 

  • Vazales BE, Bertolero A, Watson K, Gracy JM, Colwell CP, Berky CB, Davidner A (2013) Mechanically-actuated endotracheal tube cleaning device. US8468637B2

    Google Scholar 

  • Vieno NM, Tuhkanen T, Kronberg L (2005) Seasonal variation in the occurrence of pharmaceuticals in effluents from a sewage treatment plant and in the recipient water. Environ Sci Technol 39:8220–8226

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vogel NJ, Zwick KJ, Powling DJS, Johnson KD, Lortscher PS (2011) Dispersible wet wipes made using short cellulose fibers for enhanced dispersibility. WO2011151748A2

    Google Scholar 

  • Watkinson AC (2012) Transdermal and topical drug delivery today. In: Benson H, Watkinson AC (eds) Transdermal And topical drug delivery: principles and practice. Vol Copyright (C) 2014 American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved. Wiley, pp 357–366 Hoboken, USA

    Google Scholar 

  • Webster I, West PJ (2002) Adhesives for medical applications. In Marcel Dekker, Inc., pp 703–737 New York City, USA

    Google Scholar 

  • Woolfson AD, Malcolm RK, Morrow RJ, Toner CF, McCullagh SD (2006) Intravaginal ring delivery of the reverse transcriptase inhibitor TMC 120 as an HIV microbicide. Int J Pharm 325:82–89 (Copyright (C) 2015 American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yeoh T (2011) Profiles of recently approved transdermal drug delivery systems. Transdermal

    Google Scholar 

  • Yuxia L (2012). US 2012/0095159 A1

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pharmaceutics, Dow Corning Corporation, Healthcare Industry, 48686, Midland, MI, USA

    Gerald K. Schalau & Hyder A. Aliyar

Authors
  1. Gerald K. Schalau
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Hyder A. Aliyar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gerald K. Schalau .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Bristol-Myers Squibb, Co., New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA

    Ajit S Narang

  2. Division of Industrial Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, The University of Toledo, TOLEDO, Ohio, USA

    Sai H S. Boddu

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Schalau, G., Aliyar, H. (2015). Silicone Excipients in Pharmaceutical Drug Delivery Applications. In: Narang, A., Boddu, S. (eds) Excipient Applications in Formulation Design and Drug Delivery. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20206-8_14

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation