What Is the Schwarzschild Radius of a Quantum Mechanical Particle?

Abstract

A localised particle in Quantum Mechanics is described by a wave packet in position space, regardless of its energy. However, from the point of view of General Relativity, if the particle’s energy density exceeds a certain threshold, it should be a black hole. In order to combine these two pictures, we introduce a horizon wave-function determined by the position wave-function, which yields the probability that the particle is a black hole. The existence of a (fuzzy) minimum mass for black holes naturally follows, and we also show that our construction entails an effective Generalised Uncertainty Principle simply obtained by adding the uncertainties coming from the two wave-functions.