Abstract
We retrace the development of a kinematic scaling relation, referred to as the Fundamental Manifold (FM), that addresses shortcomings of the commonly used fundamental plane in certain contexts. We then examine whether bulges separately satisfy the FM relation and discuss what the success or failure of such a match implies for the nature of classical- and pseudo-bulges. On the basis of this preliminary analysis we suggest that while classical bulges appear to be independent, dynamically complete subsystems within their host galaxies that satisfy the scaling relation, pseudobulges do not satisfy the scaling relation and so probably consist of an unrepresentative subset of disc stars. This is currently not a unique explanation of the results, but the use of kinematic scaling relations with larger samples, done in a more systematic manner, could lead to a more definitive resolution on the nature of bulges.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Bedregal, A.G. Aragón-Salamanca, A., & Merrifield, M.R. 2006, MNRAS, 373, 11 25
Bender, R. 1990, A&A, 229, 441
Burstein, D. & Bender, R. & Faber, S. & Nolthenius, R., 1997, AJ, 114, 1365
Cappellari, M. et al. 2006, MNRAS, 366,1126
Davies, R. L., Efstathiou, G., Fall, S.M., Illingworth, G., Schechter, P.L. 1983, ApJ, 266, 41
Djorgovski, S. & Davis, M., 1987, ApJ, 313, 59
Dressler, A. & Lynden-Bell, D. & Burstein, D. & Davies, R. L., Faber, S. M., Terlevich, R. & Wegner, G., 1987, ApJ, 31 3, 42
Fabricius, M.H., Saglia, R.P., Fisher, D.B., Drory, N., Bender, R., and Hopp, U., 2012, ApJ, 754, 67
Fisher, D. B., & Drory, N. 2008, AJ, 136, 773
Fisher, D. B., & Drory, N. 2010, ApJ, 716, 942
Forbes, D.A., Lasky, P., Graham, A.W., and Spilter, L. 2008, MNRAS, 389, 1924
Gadotti, D.A. 2009, MNRAS, 393, 1531
Kassin, S.A. et al. 2007, ApJ, 660, 35
Kormendy, J., 1975, ApJ, 295, 73
Laurikainen, E., Salo, H., Buta, R., & Knapen, J.H. 2011, MNRAS, 418, 1452
Lithwick, Y., & Dalal, N. 2011, ApJ, 734, 100
Tully R. B., Fisher J. R., 1977, A&A, 54, 661
van der Marel, R.P., and van Dokkum, P. 2007, ApJ, 668, 756
Weiner, B.J. et al. 2006, ApJ, 653, 1049
Yang, Y, Zabludoff, A.I., Zaritsky, D., & Mihos, J.C. 2009, ApJ, 702, 1683
Zaritsky, D., 2012, in ISRN Astronomy & Astrophysics, 2012, 12
Zaritsky, D., Gonzalez, A. H. & Zabludoff, A. I., 2006, ApJ, 638, 725
Zaritsky, D., Zabludoff, A.I., and Gonzalez, A.H. 2011, ApJ, 682, 68
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Zaritsky, D. (2016). A Universal Kinematic Scaling Relation and Galaxy Bulges. In: Laurikainen, E., Peletier, R., Gadotti, D. (eds) Galactic Bulges. Astrophysics and Space Science Library, vol 418. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19378-6_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19378-6_8
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-19377-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-19378-6
eBook Packages: Physics and AstronomyPhysics and Astronomy (R0)