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Studies on Experimental Toxicology and Pharmacology pp 43–79Cite as

Lipid Oxidation

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Abstract

This chapter summarizes types of lipid oxidation – both enzymatic and non-enzymatic – and discusses reactivity, biological effects and metabolism of lipid oxidation products. Mechanistic explanations are provided for the diverse biological effects of lipid oxidation products that range from deleterious to regulatory and even to protective. Finally, analytical techniques used for detection of lipid oxidation and lipid oxidation products are discussed.

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Abbreviations

AKR:

Aldo-keto reductase

Ch:

Cholesterol

CYP450:

Cytochrome P450

ECs:

Endothelial cells

EGFR:

Epidermal growth factor receptor

eNOS:

Endothelial nitric oxide synthase

EPA:

Eicosapentaenoic acid

5-EpoxyCh:

5,6-epoxycholesterol

HETEs:

Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids

HPETEs:

Hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid

4-HNE:

4-hydroxynonenal

HO-1:

Heme oxygenase-1

HPLC:

High performance liquid chromatography

HPODEs:

Hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid

ICAM1:

Intracellular cell adhesion molecule-1

isoLGs:

Iso-levuglandins

KEAP1:

Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1

KOdiA-PC:

Palmitoyl-2-(5-keto-6-octene-dioyl)-phosphatidylcholine

MAPK:

Mitogen activated protein kinase

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

MS:

Mass spectrometry

NFκB:

Nuclear factor-kappa B

NRF2:

Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2

7α-OHCh:

7α-hydroxycholestrol

7α-OOHCh:

7α-hydroperoxycholesterol

oxPAPC:

Oxidized palmitoyl arachidonoyl phosphatidylcholine

PAF:

Platelet activating factor

PC:

Phosphatidylcholine

PE:

Phosphatidylethanolamine

PECPC:

1-palmitoyl-2-cyclopentenone-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

PGG2 :

Prostaglandin G2

PGH2 :

Prostaglandin H2

PON-1:

Paraoxonase-1

POVPC:

1-palmitoyl-2-(5-oxovaleroyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

PPAR:

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor

PS:

Phosphatidylserine

PUFAs:

Polyunsaturated fatty acids

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SMase:

Sphingomyelinase

TLRs:

Toll-like receptors

VCAM-1:

Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1

VSMCs:

Vascular smooth muscle cells

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Drug and Herbal Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, 50300, Malaysia

    Norsyahida Mohd Fauzi

  2. School of Life & Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK

    Corinne M. Spickett

Authors
  1. Norsyahida Mohd Fauzi
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  2. Corinne M. Spickett
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Correspondence to Corinne M. Spickett .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Environmental & Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA

    Stephen M. Roberts

  2. Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

    James P. Kehrer

  3. Department of Nutrigenomics, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Thüringen, Germany

    Lars-Oliver Klotz

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Mohd Fauzi, N., Spickett, C.M. (2015). Lipid Oxidation. In: Roberts, S., Kehrer, J., Klotz, LO. (eds) Studies on Experimental Toxicology and Pharmacology. Oxidative Stress in Applied Basic Research and Clinical Practice. Humana Press, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19096-9_4

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