Abstract
Mathematical Morphology (MM) is founded on the mathematical branch of Lattice Theory. Morphological operations can be described as mappings between complete lattices, and complete lattices are a type of partially-ordered sets (poset). Thus, the most elementary requirement to define morphological operators on a data domain is to establish an ordering of the data. MM has been very successful defining image operators and filters for binary and gray-scale images, where it can take advantage of the natural ordering of the sets \(\left\lbrace 0,1 \right\rbrace\) and ℝ. For multivariate data, i.e. RGB or hyperspectral images, there is no natural ordering. Thus, other orderings such as reduced orderings (R-orderings) have been proposed. Anyway, all these orderings are based solely on sorting the spectral set of values. Here, we propose to define an ordering based on both, the spectral and the spatial information, by means of a binary partition tree (BPT) representation of images. The proposed ordering aims to find a permutation of the pixel indexes, that is, a sorting of the pixels arrangement in the data matrix. Morphological operations using the proposed ordering are able to enlarge (shrink) spatial structures independently of their spectral values, as far as the spatial structures are encoded in the BPT representation. We provide examples of potential use of the proposed ordering using binary and RGB images.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Angulo, J.: Morphological colour operators in totally ordered lattices based on distances: Application to image filtering, enhancement and analysis. Comput. Vis. Image Underst. 107(1-2), 56–73 (2007), http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1265986.1266116
Aptoula, E., Lefevre, S.: A comparative study on multivariate mathematical morphology. Pattern Recogn 40(11), 2914–2929 (2007), http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1274191.1274319
Banon, G., Barrera, J.: Decomposition of mappings between complete lattices by mathematical morphology, part i. general lattices. Signal Processing 30(3), 299–327 (1993), http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0165168493900153
Barnett: The ordering of multivariate data. Journal of The Royal Statistical Society Series A General 139(3), 318–355 (1976)
Birkhoff, G.: Lattice theory. AMS Bookstore (1995)
Calderero, F., Marques, F.: Region merging techniques using information theory statistical measures. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 19(6), 1567–1586 (2010)
Goutsias, J., Heijmans, H.: Mathematical Morphology. IOS Press (January 2000)
Gratzer, G.: General Lattice Theory, 2nd edn. Birkhäuser, Basel (2003)
Gratzer, G.: Lattice Theory: Foundation, 1st edn. Springer, Basel (2011)
Haralick, R., Sternberg, S., Zhuang, X.: Image analysis using mathematical morphology. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence PAMI-9(4), 532–550 (1987)
Hawkes, P.W., Heijmans, H.J.A.M., Kazan, B.: Morphological Image Operators. Academic Press (December 1993)
Pitas, I., Tsakalides, P.: Multivariate ordering in color image filtering. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology 1(3), 247– 259, 295–296 (1991)
Ronse, C.: Why mathematical morphology needs complete lattices. Signal Processing 21(2), 129–154 (1990)
Salembier, P., Garrido, L.: Binary partition tree as an efficient representation for image processing, segmentation, and information retrieval. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 9(4), 561–576 (2000)
Serra, J.: Image Analysis and Mathematical Morphology, vol. 1. Image Analysis & Mathematical Morphology Series). Academic Press (February 1984)
Serra, J.: Image Analysis and Mathematical Morphology, Vol. 2: Theoretical Advances, 1st edn. Academic Press (February 1988)
Serra, J.: Anamorphoses and function lattices. In: Proceedings of SPIE, vol. 2030, pp. 2–11 (1993)
Soille, P.: Morphological Image Analysis: Principles and Applications, 2nd edn. Springer (2004)
Tochon, G., Feret, J., Martin, R.E., Tupayachi, R., Chanussot, J., Asner, G.P.: Binary partition tree as a hyperspectral segmentation tool for tropical rainforests. In: 2012 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), pp. 6368–6371 (2012)
Tochon, G., Féret, J.B., Valero, S., Martin, R.E., Knapp, D.E., Salembier, P., Chanussot, J., Asner, G.P.: On the use of binary partition trees for the tree crown segmentation of tropical rainforest hyperspectral images. Remote Sensing of Environment 159, 318–331 (2015)
Valero, S., Salembier, P., Chanussot, J.: Comparison of merging orders and pruning strategies for binary partition tree in hyperspectral data. In: 2010 17th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), pp. 2565–2568. IEEE (2010)
Valero, S., Salembier, P., Chanussot, J.: Hyperspectral image representation and processing with binary partition trees. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 22(4), 1430–1443 (2013)
Veganzones, M., Tochon, G., Dalla-Mura, M., Plaza, A., Chanussot, J.: Hyperspectral image segmentation using a new spectral unmixing-based binary partition tree representation. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 23(8), 3574–3589 (2014)
Velasco-Forero, S., Angulo, J.: Supervised ordering in R p: Application to morphological processing of hyperspectral images. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 20(11), 3301–3308 (2011)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Veganzones, M.Á., Dalla Mura, M., Tochon, G., Chanussot, J. (2015). Binary Partition Trees-Based Spectral-Spatial Permutation Ordering. In: Benediktsson, J., Chanussot, J., Najman, L., Talbot, H. (eds) Mathematical Morphology and Its Applications to Signal and Image Processing. ISMM 2015. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9082. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18720-4_37
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18720-4_37
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-18719-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-18720-4
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)