Skip to main content

Coping and Multiple Sclerosis

  • Chapter

Part of the book series: Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Neurological Disease ((NSND))

Abstract

Coping, considered as a process, is characterized by dynamics and changes that are a function of continuous appraisals. Two coping strategies have been identified: problem-focused strategies (involving dealing with internal or environmental demands that create a threat) and emotion-focused strategies, which are associated with emotional regulation (involving efforts to modify the distress that accompanies threat).

Coping is known to be an important mediator between multiple sclerosis (MS) and well-being. In MS people live with their disease for many years, usually increasing disabilities and reducing quality of life. In this situation, patients’ abilities to cope with the disease is an important factor for reducing levels of stress and finding the correct strategy to face the daily problem of the disease.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   159.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Folkman S, Lazarus RS. Manual of ways of coping questionnaire. Palo Alto: Consulting Psychology Press; 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Montel SR, Bungener C. Coping and quality of life in one hundred and thirty five subjects with multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler. 2007;13:393–401.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Kasl SV, Cooper CL. Stress and health: issue in research methodology. Chichester: Wiley; 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Lode K, Larsen JP, Bru E, Klevan G, Myhr KM, Nyland H. Patient information and coping styles in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler. 2007;13:792–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Pakenham KI. Adjustment to multiple sclerosis: application of a stress and coping model. Health Psychol. 1999;18:383–92.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Scherer RF, Luther DC, Wiebe FA, Adams JS. Dimensionality of coping: factor stability using the Ways of Coping Questionnaire. Psychol Rep. 1998;62:763–70.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Vitaliano PP, Russo J, Carr JE, Maiuro RD, Becker J. The ways of coping check-list: revision and psychometric properties. Multivariate Behav Res. 1985;20:3–26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Endler NS, Parker JDA, Summerfelt LJ. Coping with health problems: developing a reliable and valid multidimensional measure. Psychol Assess. 1998;10:195–205.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Folkman S, Lazarus RS. If it changes it must be a process: study of emotion and coping during three stages of a college examination. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1985;48:150–70.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Carver CS, Scheier MF, Weintraub JK. Assessing coping strategies: a theoretically based approach. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1989;56:267–83.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Karlsen B. Coping with diabetes. A study of factors influencing psychological well-being and coping in adults with diabetes. Bergen: University of Bergen; 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  12. McCabe MP, McKern S, McDonald E. Coping and psychological adjustment among people with multiple sclerosis. J Psychosom Res. 2004;56:355–61.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Devins GM, Styra R, O’Connor P, Gray T, Seland TP, Klein GM, et al. Psychological impact of illness intrusiveness moderated by age in multiple sclerosis. Psychol Health Med. 1996;1:179–91.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Ford H, Trigwell P, Johnson M. The nature of fatigue in multiple sclerosis. J Psychosom Res. 1998;45:33–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Noy S, Achiron A, Gabbay U, Barak Y, Rostein Z, Laor N, et al. A new approach to affective symptoms in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Compr Psychiatry. 1995;36:390–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Pakenham KI, Stewart CA, Rogers A. The role of coping in adjustment to multiple-sclerosis-related adaptive demands. Psychol Health Med. 1997;2:197–211.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Jean V, Paul RH, Beatty WW. Psychological and neurological predictors of coping pattern by patients with multiple sclerosis. J Clin Psychol. 1999;55:21–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Hickey A, Greene SM. Coping with multiple sclerosis. Ir J Psychol Med. 1989;6:118–24.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Mohr DC, Dick LP, Russo D, Pinn J, Boudewyn AC, Likosky W, et al. The psychosocial impact of multiple sclerosis: exploring the patient’s perspective. Health Psychol. 1999;18:376–82.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Schwartz CE. Teaching coping skills enhances quality of life more than peer support: result of a randomized trial with multiple sclerosis patients. Health Psychol. 1999;18:211–20.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Mosson M, Peter L, Montel S. Impact of physical activity level on alexithymia and coping strategies in an over-40 multiple sclerosis population: a pilot study. Rev Neurol. 2014;170(1):19–25.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Madan S, Pakenham KL. The stress-buffering effects of hope on change in adjustment to care-giving in multiple sclerosis. J Health Psychol. 2013; Epub ahead of print.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Senders A, Bourdette D, Hanes D, Yadav V, Shinto L. Perceived stress in multiple sclerosis: the potential role of mindfulness in health and well-being. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med. 2014;19(2):104–11.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Bolger N, Zuckerman A. A framework for studying personality in the stress process. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1995;69:890–902.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Watson D, Hubbard B. Adaptational styles and dispositional structure: coping in the context of the five-factor model. J Pers. 1996;64:737–74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. McCormick RA, Dowd ET, Quirk S, Zegarra JH. The relationship of NEO-PI performance to coping styles, patterns of use, and triggers for use among substance abusers. Addict Behav. 1998;23:497–507.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Russo J, Katon W, Lin E, Von-Korff M. Neuroticism and extraversion as predictors of health outcome in depressed primary care patients. Psychosomatics. 1997;38:339–48.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Hooker K, Frazier LD, Monahan DJ. Personality and coping among caregivers of spouses with dementia. Gerontologist. 1994;34:386–92.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Arnett PA, Randolph JJ. Longitudinal course of depression symptoms in multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2006;77(5):606–10.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Suhn Y, Motl RW, Mohr DC. Physical activity, disability, and mood in the early stage of multiple sclerosis. Disabil Health J. 2010;3:93–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Wood B, Van Der Mei IA, Ponsonby AL, Pittas F, Quinn S, Dwyer T, et al. Prevalence and concurrence of anxiety, depression and fatigue over time in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler. 2012;19(2):217–24.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Bakshi R, Czarnecki D, Shaikh ZA, Priore RL, Janardhan V, Kaliszky Z, et al. Brain MRI lesions and atrophy are related to depression in multiple sclerosis. Neuroreport. 2000;11:1153–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Aikens JE, Fisher JS, Namey M, Rudick RA. A replicated prospective investigation of life stress, coping, and depressive symptoms in multiple sclerosis. J Behav Med. 1997;20:433–45.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Mohr DC, Goodkin DE. Treatment of depression in multiple sclerosis: review and meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Sci Pract. 1999;6:1–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Lynch SG, Kroencke DC, Denney DR. The relationship between disability and depression in multiple sclerosis: the role of uncertainty, coping, and hope. Mult Scler. 2001;7:411–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Ozura A, Sega S. Profile of depression, experienced distress and capacity for coping with stress in multiple sclerosis patients – a different perspective. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2013;115 Suppl 1:S12–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Nielsen PJ, Saliger J, Guldenberg V, Breier G, Karbe H. Stress-stimulated volitional coping competencies and depression in multiple sclerosis. J Psychosom Res. 2013;74(3):221–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Bianchi V, De Giglio L, Prosperini L, Mancinelli C, De Angelis F, Barletta V, et al. Mood and coping in clinically isolated syndrome and multiple sclerosis. Acta Neurol Scand. 2014;129(6):374–81.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Arnett PA, Higginson CI, Voss VD, Randolph JJ, Grandey AA. Relationship between coping, cognitive dysfunction and depression in multiple sclerosis. Clin Neuropsychol. 2002;16:341–55.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Dennison L, Moss-Morris R, Siliber E, Galea I, Chalder T. Cognitive and behavioral correlates of different domains of psychological adjustment in early-stage multiple sclerosis. J Psychosom Res. 2010;69:353–61.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Amato MP, Zipoli V, Portaccio E. Multiple sclerosis-related cognitive changes: a review of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. J Neurol Sci. 2006;245:41–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Amato MP, Zipoli V. Clinical management of cognitive impairment on multiple sclerosis: a review of current evidence. Int MS J. 2003;10(3):72–83.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Amato MP, Portaccio E, Goretti B, Zipoli V, Iudice A, Della Pina D, et al. Relevance of cognitive deterioration in early relapsing-remitting MS: a 3-year follow-up study. Mult Scler. 2010;16(12):1474–82.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Reuter F, Zaaraoui W, Crespy L, Faivre A, Rico A, Malikova I, et al. Frequency of cognitive impairment dramatically increases during the first 5 years of multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2011;82:1157–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Glanz B, Holland C, Gauthier S, Amunwa EL, Liptak Z, Houtchens MK, et al. Cognitive dysfunction in patients with clinically isolated syndromes or newly diagnosed multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler. 2007;13:1004–10.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Ehrensperger MM, Grether A, Romer G, Berres M, Monsch AU, Kappos L, et al. Neuropsychological dysfunction, depression, physical disability, and coping processes in families with a parent affected by multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler. 2008;14:1106–12.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Rabinowitz AR, Arnett PA. A longitudinal analysis of cognitive dysfunction, coping, and depression in multiple sclerosis. Neuropsychology. 2009;23:581–91.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Goretti B, Portaccio E, Zipoli V, Razzolini L, Amato MP. Coping strategies, cognitive impairment, psychological variables and their relationship with quality of life in multiple sclerosis. Neurol Sci. 2010;31 Suppl 2:S227–30.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Goretti B, Portaccio E, Zipoli V, Hakiki B, Siracusa G, Sorbi S, et al. Impact of cognitive impairment on coping strategies in multiple sclerosis. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2010;112:127–30.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Chiaravalloti ND, DeLuca J. Cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis. Lancet Neurol. 2008;7:1139–51.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Guimaraes J, Sa MJ. Cognitive dysfunction in multiple sclerosis. Front Neurol. 2012;3(74):1–8.

    Google Scholar 

  52. Montel S, Spitz E, Bungener C. Coping strategies in multiple sclerosis patients with frontal cognitive disorders. Eur Neurol. 2012;68(2):84–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Siegert RJ, Abernethy DA. Depression in multiple sclerosis: a review. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2005;76:469–75.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. McCabe MP, MCKern S. Quality of life and multiple sclerosis: comparison between people with multiple sclerosis and people from the general population. J Clin Psychol Med Settings. 2002;9:287–95.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. Mohr DC, Goodkin DE, Gatto N, Van der Wende J. Depression, coping and level of neurological impairment in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler. 1997;3(4):254–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Mikula P, Nagyova I, Krokavcova M, Vitkova M, Rosenberger J, Szilasiova J, Gdovinova Z, Groothoff JW, van Dijk JP. Coping and its importance for quality of life in patients with multiple sclerosis. Disabil Rehabil. 2014;36(9):732–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Goretti B, Portaccio E, Zipoli V, Hakiki B, Siracusa G, Sorbi S, Amato MP. Coping strategies, psychological variables and their relationship with quality of life in multiple sclerosis. Neurol Sci. 2009;30:15–20.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Carlo Pozzilli M.D., Ph.D. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Bianchi, V., Pozzilli, C. (2015). Coping and Multiple Sclerosis. In: Brochet, B. (eds) Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Inflammatory Demyelinating Diseases. Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Neurological Disease. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18464-7_10

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18464-7_10

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-18463-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-18464-7

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics