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PET/MRI/VCT: Restoration of Virtual CT from Transmission Scan on PET/MRI Using Joint-Anisotropic Diffusion

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Computational Methods for Molecular Imaging

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computational Vision and Biomechanics ((LNCVB,volume 22))

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Abstract

CT is a mandatory imaging modality for radiation treatment planning (RTP) while MRI and PET have advantages in tumor delineation and dose prescriptions. To avoid multiple scanning and additional high radiation doses, this paper proposes to integrate low dose transmission scan (TX) into a PET/MRI machine for the synthesis of virtual CT (VCT) for treatment planning. TX is usually extremely noisy with artifact spots and it is necessary to smooth the sinogram to obtain interpretable images. However this results in blurred low resolution images. This study introduces a novel joint-anisotropic diffusion (JAD) method which restores VCT images without loss of resolution using additional anatomical images to regularize the filtering. Through reshaping the anisotropic diffusion tensor using MRI, this method guides the diffusion flux to favor the similarity between VCT and MRI leading to an increase of mutual information. For proof of concept, virtual PET/MRI/VCT system with conventional \(^{68}\)Ga ring source was implemented on GATE and realistic TX data were simulated and tested. The results demonstrate that the new approach improves the geometrical accuracy of VCT and provides a potential application for RTP.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nuclear Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany

    Kuangyu Shi, Xiaoyin Cheng, Stefan Foerster & Sibylle I. Ziegler

  2. Computer Aided Medical Procedures, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany

    Nassir Navab

Authors
  1. Kuangyu Shi
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  2. Xiaoyin Cheng
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  3. Nassir Navab
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  4. Stefan Foerster
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  5. Sibylle I. Ziegler
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kuangyu Shi .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Siemens Medical Solutions, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA

    Fei Gao

  2. Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Technical University of Munich, München, Germany

    Kuangyu Shi

  3. GE Healthcare and University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada

    Shuo Li

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Shi, K., Cheng, X., Navab, N., Foerster, S., Ziegler, S.I. (2015). PET/MRI/VCT: Restoration of Virtual CT from Transmission Scan on PET/MRI Using Joint-Anisotropic Diffusion. In: Gao, F., Shi, K., Li, S. (eds) Computational Methods for Molecular Imaging. Lecture Notes in Computational Vision and Biomechanics, vol 22. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18431-9_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18431-9_3

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-18430-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-18431-9

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