Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) donors including organosulfur compounds (OSC), inorganic sulfide salts, and synthetic compounds are useful tools in studies to elucidate the effects of H2S in cancer biology. Studies using such donors have shown the ability of H2S to suppress tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo, with some of them suggesting the selectivity of its cytotoxic effects to cancer cells. In addition to promoting cancer cell death, H2S donors were also found to inhibit cancer angiogenesis and metastasis. The underlying mechanisms for the anticancer activities of H2S involve (1) cell signaling pathways, such as MAPK and STAT; (2) cell cycle regulation; (3) microRNAs regulation; and (4) cancer metabolism and pH regulation. Altogether, compiling evidences have demonstrated the great potential of using H2S donors as anticancer agents. Nevertheless, the application and development of H2S for therapy are still facing challenges as identification of molecular targets of H2S awaits further investigation.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Aquilano K, Vigilanza P, Filomeni G, Rotilio G, Ciriolo MR (2010) Tau dephosphorylation and microfilaments disruption are upstream events of the anti-proliferative effects of DADS in SH-SY5Y cells. J Cell Mol Med 14:564–577
Bat-Chen W, Golan T, Peri I, Ludmer Z, Schwartz B (2010) Allicin purified from fresh garlic cloves induces apoptosis in colon cancer cells via Nrf2. Nutr Cancer 62:947–957
Benavides GA, Squadrito GL, Mills RW, Patel HD, Isbell TS, Patel RP, Darley-Usmar VM, Doeller JE, Kraus DW (2007) Hydrogen sulfide mediates the vasoactivity of garlic. Proc Natl Acad Sci 104:17977–17982
Block E (1985) The chemistry of garlic and onions. Sci Am 252:114–119
Bo S, Hui H, Li W, Hui L, Hong X, Lin D, Dai WX, Wu YH, Ai XH, Hao J, Qi S (2014) Chk1, but not Chk2, is responsible for G2/M phase arrest induced by diallyl disulfide in human gastric cancer BGC823 cells. Food Chem Toxicol 68:61–70
Bottone FG Jr, Baek SJ, Nixon JB, Eling TE (2002) Diallyl disulfide (DADS) induces the antitumorigenic NSAID-activated gene (NAG-1) by a p53-dependent mechanism in human colorectal HCT 116 cells. J Nutr 132:773–778
Busch C, Jacob C, Anwar A, Burkholz T, Aicha Ba L, Cerella C, Diederich M, Brandt W, Wessjohann L, Montenarh M (2010) Diallylpolysulfides induce growth arrest and apoptosis. Int J Oncol 36:743–749
Cai WJ, Wang MJ, Ju LH, Wang C, Zhu YC (2010) Hydrogen sulfide induces human colon cancer cell proliferation: role of Akt, ERK and p21. Cell Biol Int 34:565–572
Chattopadhyay M, Kodela R, Nath N, Barsegian A, Boring D, Kashfi K (2012a) Hydrogen sulfide-releasing aspirin suppresses NF-kappaB signaling in estrogen receptor negative breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Biochem Pharmacol 83:723–732
Chattopadhyay M, Kodela R, Nath N, Dastagirzada YM, Velazquez-Martinez CA, Boring D, Kashfi K (2012b) Hydrogen sulfide-releasing NSAIDs inhibit the growth of human cancer cells: a general property and evidence of a tissue type-independent effect. Biochem Pharmacol 83:715–722
Chattopadhyay M, Kodela R, Olson KR, Kashfi K (2012c) NOSH-aspirin (NBS-1120), a novel nitric oxide- and hydrogen sulfide-releasing hybrid is a potent inhibitor of colon cancer cell growth in vitro and in a xenograft mouse model. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 419:523–528
Chattopadhyay M, Nath N, Kodela R, Sobocki T, Metkar S, Gan ZY, Kashfi K (2013) Hydrogen sulfide-releasing aspirin inhibits the growth of leukemic Jurkat cells and modulates beta-catenin expression. Leuk Res 37:1302–1308
Cuevasanta E, Denicola A, Alvarez B, Moller MN (2012) Solubility and permeation of hydrogen sulfide in lipid membranes. PLoS One 7, e34562
Deryugina EI, Quigley JP (2006) Matrix metalloproteinases and tumor metastasis. Cancer Metastasis Rev 25:9–34
Feng Y, Zhu X, Wang Q, Jiang Y, Shang H, Cui L, Cao Y (2012) Allicin enhances host pro-inflammatory immune responses and protects against acute murine malaria infection. Malar J 11:268
Fenwick GR, Hanley AB (1985) The genus Allium. Part 2. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 22:273–377
Greiner R, Palinkas Z, Basell K, Becher D, Antelmann H, Nagy P, Dick TP (2013) Polysulfides link H2S to protein thiol oxidation. Antioxid Redox Signal 19:1749–1765
Gu X, Zhu YZ (2011) Therapeutic applications of organosulfur compounds as novel hydrogen sulfide donors and/or mediators. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 4:123–133
Gunadharini DN, Arunkumar A, Krishnamoorthy G, Muthuvel R, Vijayababu MR, Kanagaraj P, Srinivasan N, Aruldhas MM, Arunakaran J (2006) Antiproliferative effect of diallyl disulfide (DADS) on prostate cancer cell line LNCaP. Cell Biochem Funct 24:407–412
Ha MW, Ma R, Shun LP, Gong YH, Yuan Y (2005) Effects of allitridi on cell cycle arrest of human gastric cancer cells. World J Gastroenterol 11:5433–5437
Han Y, Zeng F, Tan G, Yang C, Tang H, Luo Y, Feng J, Xiong H, Guo Q (2013) Hydrogen sulfide inhibits abnormal proliferation of lymphocytes via AKT/GSK3beta signal pathway in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Cell Physiol Biochem 31:795–804
Harirforoosh S, Jamali F (2009) Renal adverse effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Expert Opin Drug Saf 8:669–681
Herman-Antosiewicz A, Singh SV (2005) Checkpoint kinase 1 regulates diallyl trisulfide-induced mitotic arrest in human prostate cancer cells. J Biol Chem 280:28519–28528
Hosono T, Fukao T, Ogihara J, Ito Y, Shiba H, Seki T, Ariga T (2005) Diallyl trisulfide suppresses the proliferation and induces apoptosis of human colon cancer cells through oxidative modification of beta-tubulin. J Biol Chem 280:41487–41493
Howard EW, Ling M-T, Chua CW, Cheung HW, Wang X, Wong YC (2007) Garlic-derived S-allylmercaptocysteine is a novel in vivo antimetastatic agent for androgen-independent prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res 13:1847–1856
Itoh Y, Nagase H (2002) Matrix metalloproteinases in cancer. Essays Biochem 38:21–36
Jacob C (2006) A scent of therapy: pharmacological implications of natural products containing redox-active sulfur atoms. Nat Prod Rep 23:851–863
Jo HJ, Song JD, Kim KM, Cho YH, Kim KH, Park YC (2008) Diallyl disulfide induces reversible G2/M phase arrest on a p53-independent mechanism in human colon cancer HCT-116 cells. Oncol Rep 19:275–280
Kaiserman MJ, Rickert WS (1992) Carcinogens in tobacco smoke: benzo[a]pyrene from Canadian cigarettes and cigarette tobacco. Am J Public Health 82:1023–1026
Kaschula CH, Hunter R, Stellenboom N, Caira MR, Winks S, Ogunleye T, Richards P, Cotton J, Zilbeyaz K, Wang Y, Siyo V, Ngarande E, Parker MI (2012) Structure-activity studies on the anti-proliferation activity of ajoene analogues in WHCO1 oesophageal cancer cells. Eur J Med Chem 50:236–254
Kashfi K (2014) Anti-cancer activity of new designer hydrogen sulfide-donating hybrids. Antioxid Redox Signal 20:831–846
Kashfi K, Olson KR (2013) Biology and therapeutic potential of hydrogen sulfide and hydrogen sulfide-releasing chimeras. Biochem Pharmacol 85:689–703
Kimura Y, Mikami Y, Osumi K, Tsugane M, Oka J, Kimura H (2013) Polysulfides are possible H2S-derived signaling molecules in rat brain. FASEB J 27:2451–2457
Knowles LM, Milner JA (2003) Diallyl disulfide induces ERK phosphorylation and alters gene expression profiles in human colon tumor cells. J Nutr 133:2901–2906
Kodela R, Chattopadhyay M, Kashfi K (2013) Synthesis and biological activity of NOSH-naproxen (AVT-219) and NOSH-sulindac (AVT-18A) as potent anti-inflammatory agents with chemotherapeutic potential. MedChemComm 4:1472–1481
Kune GA, Kune S, Watson LF (1988) Colorectal cancer risk, chronic illnesses, operations, and medications: case control results from the Melbourne Colorectal Cancer Study. Cancer Res 48:4399–4404
Lai KC, Hsu SC, Kuo CL, Yang JS, Ma CY, Lu HF, Tang NY, Hsia TC, Ho HC, Chung JG (2013) Diallyl sulfide, diallyl disulfide, and diallyl trisulfide inhibit migration and invasion in human colon cancer colo 205 cells through the inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase-2, -7, and -9 expressions. Environ Toxicol 28:479–488
Lan X, Sun H, Liu J, Lin Y, Zhu Z, Han X, Sun X, Li X, Zhang H, Tang Z (2013) Effects of garlic oil on pancreatic cancer cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 14:5905–5910
Lau BH, Yamasaki T, Gridley DS (1991) Garlic compounds modulate macrophage and T-lymphocyte functions. Mol Biother 3:103–107
Lee ZW, Zhou J, Chen CS, Zhao Y, Tan CH, Li L, Moore PK, Deng LW (2011) The slow-releasing hydrogen sulfide donor, GYY4137, exhibits novel anti-cancer effects in vitro and in vivo. PLoS One 6:e21077
Lee ZW, Teo XY, Tay EY, Tan CH, Hagen T, Moore PK, Deng LW (2014) Utilizing hydrogen sulfide as a novel anti-cancer agent by targeting cancer glycolysis and pH imbalance. Br J Pharmacol 171:4322–4336
Li L, Whiteman M, Guan YY, Neo KL, Cheng Y, Lee SW, Zhao Y, Baskar R, Tan CH, Moore PK (2008) Characterization of a novel, water-soluble hydrogen sulfide-releasing molecule (GYY4137): new insights into the biology of hydrogen sulfide. Circulation 117:2351–2360
Li Y, Zhang J, Zhang L, Si M, Yin H, Li J (2013) Diallyl trisulfide inhibits proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis of osteosarcoma cells by switching on suppressor microRNAs and inactivating of Notch-1 signaling. Carcinogenesis 34:1601–1610
Ling H, Zhang LY, Su Q, Song Y, Luo ZY, Zhou XT, Zeng X, He J, Tan H, Yuan JP (2006) Erk is involved in the differentiation induced by diallyl disulfide in the human gastric cancer cell line MGC803. Cell Mol Biol Lett 11:408–423
Liu Y, He P, Liu F, Zhou N, Cheng X, Shi L, Zhu H, Zhao J, Wang Y, Zhang M (2014) Tetra-arsenic tetra-sulfide (As4S 4) promotes apoptosis in retinoid acid -resistant human acute promyelocytic leukemic NB4-R1 cells through downregulation of SET protein. Tumour Biol 35:3421–3430
Lu S, Gao Y, Huang X, Wang X (2014) GYY4137, a hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) donor, shows potent anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activity through blocking the STAT3 pathway. Int J Oncol 44:1259–1267
Lv M, Li Y, Ji MH, Zhuang M, Tang JH (2014) Inhibition of invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of human breast cancer cells by hydrogen sulfide through decreased phospho-p38 expression. Mol Med Rep 10:341–346
Ma K, Liu Y, Zhu Q, Liu CH, Duan JL, Tan BK, Zhu YZ (2011) H2S donor, S-propargyl-cysteine, increases CSE in SGC-7901 and cancer-induced mice: evidence for a novel anti-cancer effect of endogenous H2S? PLoS One 6:e20525
Ma Z, Bi Q, Wang Y (2014) Hydrogen sulfide accelerates cell cycle progression in oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. Oral Dis 21:156–162
Melchini A, Traka MH, Catania S, Miceli N, Taviano MF, Maimone P, Francisco M, Mithen RF, Costa C (2013) Antiproliferative activity of the dietary isothiocyanate erucin, a bioactive compound from cruciferous vegetables, on human prostate cancer cells. Nutr Cancer 65:132–138
Modem S, Dicarlo SE, Reddy TR (2012) Fresh garlic extract induces growth arrest and morphological differentiation of MCF7 breast cancer cells. Genes Cancer 3:177–186
Munday R, Munday JS, Munday CM (2003) Comparative effects of mono-, di-, tri-, and tetrasulfides derived from plants of the Allium family: redox cycling in vitro and hemolytic activity and Phase 2 enzyme induction in vivo. Free Radic Biol Med 34:1200–1211
Mustafa AK, Gadalla MM, Sen N, Kim S, Mu W, Gazi SK, Barrow RK, Yang G, Wang R, Snyder SH (2009) H2S signals through protein S-sulfhydration. Sci Signal 2:ra72
Nkrumah-Elie YM, Reuben JS, Hudson A, Taka E, Badisa R, Ardley T, Israel B, Sadrud-Din SY, Oriaku E, Darling-Reed SF (2012) Diallyl trisulfide as an inhibitor of benzo(a)pyrene-induced precancerous carcinogenesis in MCF-10A cells. Food Chem Toxicol 50:2524–2530
Padilla-Camberos E, Zaitseva G, Padilla C, Puebla AM (2010) Antitumoral activity of allicin in murine lymphoma L5178Y. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 11:1241–1244
Paul BD, Snyder SH (2012) H(2)S signalling through protein sulfhydration and beyond. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 13:499–507
Rothwell PM, Price JF, Fowkes FG, Zanchetti A, Roncaglioni MC, Tognoni G, Lee R, Belch JF, Wilson M, Mehta Z, Meade TW (2012) Short-term effects of daily aspirin on cancer incidence, mortality, and non-vascular death: analysis of the time course of risks and benefits in 51 randomised controlled trials. Lancet 379:1602–1612
Santos CI, Costa-Pereira AP (2011) Signal transducers and activators of transcription-from cytokine signalling to cancer biology. Biochim Biophys Acta 1816:38–49
Savolainen H (2010) High toxicity of hydrogen sulfide by the inhibition of mitochondrial respiration. J Biol Chem 285:le9
Sher A, Fakhar-Ul-Mahmood M, Shah SN, Bukhsh S, Murtaza G (2012) Effect of garlic extract on blood glucose level and lipid profile in normal and alloxan diabetic rabbits. Adv Clin Exp Med 21:705–711
Singh SV, Powolny AA, Stan SD, Xiao D, Arlotti JA, Warin R, Hahm E-R, Marynowski SW, Bommareddy A, Potter DM, Dhir R (2008) Garlic constituent diallyl trisulfide prevents development of poorly differentiated prostate cancer and pulmonary metastasis multiplicity in TRAMP mice. Cancer Res 68:9503–9511
Siveen KS, Sikka S, Surana R, Dai X, Zhang J, Kumar AP, Tan BK, Sethi G, Bishayee A (2014) Targeting the STAT3 signaling pathway in cancer: role of synthetic and natural inhibitors. Biochim Biophys Acta 1845:136–154
Song JD, Lee SK, Kim KM, Park SE, Park SJ, Kim KH, Ahn SC, Park YC (2009) Molecular mechanism of diallyl disulfide in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HCT-116 colon cancer cells. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 23:71–79
Song ZJ, Ng MY, Lee ZW, Dai W, Hagen T, Moore PK, Huang D, Deng LW, Tan C-H (2014) Hydrogen sulfide donors in research and drug development. MedChemComm 5:557–570
Sostres C, Gargallo CJ, Lanas A (2013) Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and upper and lower gastrointestinal mucosal damage. Arthritis Res Ther 15(Suppl 3):S3
Sriram N, Kalayarasan S, Ashokkumar P, Sureshkumar A, Sudhandiran G (2008) Diallyl sulfide induces apoptosis in Colo 320 DM human colon cancer cells: involvement of caspase-3, NF-kappaB, and ERK-2. Mol Cell Biochem 311:157–165
Stan SD, Singh SV (2009) Transcriptional repression and inhibition of nuclear translocation of androgen receptor by diallyl trisulfide in human prostate cancer cells. Clin Cancer Res 15:4895–4903
Tan H, Ling H, He J, Yi L, Zhou J, Lin M, Su Q (2008) Inhibition of ERK and activation of p38 are involved in diallyl disulfide induced apoptosis of leukemia HL-60 cells. Arch Pharm Res 31:786–793
Tanaka S, Haruma K, Kunihiro M, Nagata S, Kitadai Y, Manabe N, Sumii M, Yoshihara M, Kajiyama G, Chayama K (2004) Effects of aged garlic extract (AGE) on colorectal adenomas: a double-blinded study. Hiroshima J Med Sci 53:39–45
Tanaka S, Haruma K, Yoshihara M, Kajiyama G, Kira K, Amagase H, Chayama K (2006) Aged garlic extract has potential suppressive effect on colorectal adenomas in humans. J Nutr 136:821S–826S
Tang H, Kong Y, Guo J, Tang Y, Xie X, Yang L, Su Q (2013) Diallyl disulfide suppresses proliferation and induces apoptosis in human gastric cancer through Wnt-1 signaling pathway by up-regulation of miR-200b and miR-22. Cancer Lett 340:72–81
Tao BB, Liu SY, Zhang CC, Fu W, Cai WJ, Wang Y, Shen Q, Wang MJ, Chen Y, Zhang LJ, Zhu YZ, Zhu YC (2013) VEGFR2 functions as an H2S-targeting receptor protein kinase with its novel Cys1045-Cys1024 disulfide bond serving as a specific molecular switch for hydrogen sulfide actions in vascular endothelial cells. Antioxid Redox Signal 19:448–464
Tao M, Gao L, Pan J, Wang X (2014) Study on the inhibitory effect of allicin on human gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 and its mechanism. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med 11:176–179
Thejass P, Kuttan G (2007) Antiangiogenic activity of diallyl sulfide (DAS). Int Immunopharmacol 7(3):295–305
Viry E, Anwar A, Kirsch G, Jacob C, Diederich M, Bagrel D (2011) Antiproliferative effect of natural tetrasulfides in human breast cancer cells is mediated through the inhibition of the cell division cycle 25 phosphatases. Int J Oncol 38:1103–1111
Wang HC, Yang J-H, Hsieh S-C, Sheen L-Y (2010) Allyl sulfides inhibit cell growth of skin cancer cells through induction of DNA damage mediated G2/M arrest and apoptosis. J Agric Food Chem 58:7096–7103
Weisberger AS, Pensky J (1957) Tumor-inhibiting effects derived from an active principle of Garlic (Allium sativum). Science 126:1112–1114
Wu XJ, Kassie F, Mersch-Sundermann V (2005) The role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production on diallyl disulfide (DADS) induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in human A549 lung carcinoma cells. Mutat Res 579:115–124
Wu PP, Chung HW, Liu KC, Wu RS, Yang JS, Tang NY, Lo C, Hsia TC, Yu CC, Chueh FS, Lin SS, Chung JG (2011) Diallyl sulfide induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HeLa human cervical cancer cells through the p53, caspase- and mitochondria-dependent pathways. Int J Oncol 38:1605–1613
Wu YC, Wang XJ, Yu L, Chan FK, Cheng AS, Yu J, Sung JJ, Wu WK, Cho CH (2012) Hydrogen sulfide lowers proliferation and induces protective autophagy in colon epithelial cells. PLoS One 7:e37572
Xiao D, Lew KL, Kim YA, Zeng Y, Hahm ER, Dhir R, Singh SV (2006) Diallyl trisulfide suppresses growth of PC-3 human prostate cancer xenograft in vivo in association with Bax and Bak induction. Clin Cancer Res 12:6836–6843
You W-C, Blot WJ, Chang Y-S, Ershow A, Yang ZT, An Q, Henderson BE, Fraumeni JF, Wang T-G (1989) Allium vegetables and reduced risk of stomach cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 81:162–164
Yuan JP, Wang GH, Ling H, Su Q, Yang YH, Song Y, Tang RJ, Liu Y, Huang C (2004) Diallyl disulfide-induced G2/M arrest of human gastric cancer MGC803 cells involves activation of p38 MAP kinase pathways. World J Gastroenterol 10:2731–2734
Zhang CL, Zeng T, Zhao XL, Xie KQ (2013) Garlic oil attenuated nitrosodiethylamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis by modulating the metabolic activation and detoxification enzymes. Int J Biol Sci 9:237–245
Zhao K, Li S, Wu L, Lai C, Yang G (2014a) Hydrogen sulfide represses androgen receptor transactivation by targeting at the second zinc finger module. J Biol Chem 289:20824–20835
Zhao Y, Biggs TD, Xian M (2014b) Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) releasing agents: chemistry and biological applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 50:11788–11805
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Lee, ZW., Deng, LW. (2015). Role of H2S Donors in Cancer Biology. In: Moore, P., Whiteman, M. (eds) Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmacology of Hydrogen Sulfide. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 230. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18144-8_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18144-8_13
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-18143-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-18144-8
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)