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Electrophysical Processes in Water

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Book cover Pulsed Electrical Discharges for Medicine and Biology

Part of the book series: Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering ((BIOMEDICAL))

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Abstract

In this chapter, the results of experimental and theoretical researches of the PED in water with energy lower of 1 J/pulse are presented. Erosion of electrodes made of various metals was studied on discharge chambers with flowing water. The basic data on the main characteristics of the PED have been obtained by studying the spectral characteristics of discharge plasma . Temperature of discharge column, which was estimated by comparison of relative intensities of radiation in the lines is ~104 K. At that temperature, the discharge column is a source of the UV-irradiation in wide wave range, in particular, 200–400 nm. Depending on inputted energy and discharge power, the widening of the discharge channel results in shock waves of various intensities. Behind the front of shock wave the cavitation bubbles are formed. At most cases, the shock waves are formed near the ends of electrodes and have similar velocities. Shock waves in water have high gradient of pressure, so at the size of a bacterium, the difference of pressure is enough to damage bacterial membrane and to destroy it. It was confirmed by the mass spectrometry with inductively connected plasma (MS-ICP) that the electrodes erosion produces nanoparticles of metals and their oxides in water. Size of the area of the most intensive impact of the UV-irradiation, electron hydrated electrons, and active radicals is 10–30 mm. Shares of the below factors in total bactericidity of PED are distributed as follows: UV-irradiation 70–90 %; shock waves 20–40 %; other factors 10–20 % Gorjachev et al. (J. Fuel Power Heat Syst. 2:36, 1998). PED are used for purification of wastewater containing various organic compounds, urea resin, trichlorfon, saturated, unsaturated and aromatic hydrocarbons, salts of strontium and cobalt.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute for Electrophysics and Electric Power, St. Petersburg, Russia

    Victor Kolikov & Philip Rutberg

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  1. Victor Kolikov
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Correspondence to Victor Kolikov .

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Kolikov, V., Rutberg, P. (2015). Electrophysical Processes in Water. In: Pulsed Electrical Discharges for Medicine and Biology. Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18129-5_4

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