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Sleepy or Sleepless pp 29–52Cite as

Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders

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Abstract

The International Classification of Sleep Disorders Third Edition (ICSD-3) lists five major types of sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBDs), including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) disorders, central sleep apnea (CSA) syndromes, sleep-related hypoventilation (SRHV) disorders, sleep-related hypoxemia (SRHO) disorders, and isolated symptoms and normal variants. Positive airway pressure (PAP) treatment-emergent CSA, also known as complex sleep apnea, has been classified under CSA syndromes while mixed sleep apnea (both obstructive and central apneas occurring during the diagnostic study) has not yet been listed in the ICSD-3. Although excessive daytime sleepiness is a well-known consequence of SRBDs, insomnia occurs in 40–60 % of patients with OSA syndrome. Although there are no population-based estimates of the prevalence of the different subtypes of SRBDs, the vast majority (>90 %) of cases seen in clinical practice are due to OSA syndrome. Although habitual snoring and catathrenia (sleep groaning) can be disruptive to other household members’ sleep, these isolated symptoms, in the absence of neurocognitive symptoms and polysomnographically diagnosed sleep apnea, are not associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pulmonary Disease, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, SLUCare Sleep Disorders Center, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 3545 Lafayette Ave., Salus Center, Suite 1100, St. Louis, MO, 63104, USA

    Joseph Roland D. Espiritu M.D., F.C.C.P., F.A.A.S.M.

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  1. Joseph Roland D. Espiritu M.D., F.C.C.P., F.A.A.S.M.
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Correspondence to Joseph Roland D. Espiritu M.D., F.C.C.P., F.A.A.S.M. .

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  1. Saint Louis University School of Med Director, Sleep Medicine Fellowship, St. Louis, Missouri, USA

    Raman K. Malhotra

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Espiritu, J.R.D. (2015). Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders. In: Malhotra, R. (eds) Sleepy or Sleepless. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18054-0_3

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