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Genomics, Personalized Medicine and Oral Disease pp 167–183Cite as

Aphthous Stomatitis

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Abstract

Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS) is a chronic, multi-factorial oral inflammatory disease that continues to present a clinical problem without a solution. Even though the etiopathogeny of RAS is still unknown, it has been classified as an auto-inflammatory disease based on its relationship with a possible dysfunction of the innate immunological response without evidence of alterations in the adaptive immune reaction that, in association with a dysfunction of the epithelial barrier, are probably involved in the emergence and evolution of ulcerated lesions. In this type of complex disease, the combination of environmental factors and genes of low frequency is most likely responsible for the establishment of the conditions that promote the development of the phenotype involved. In such cases, since the genetic factors are heterogeneous, the cause of the disease may be different for each individual. This hinders the precise identification of the reasons and the establishment of a unique therapeutic protocol, which functions in all cases. In this scenario, the application of personalized medicine will be of fundamental importance. Knowledge of the altered signaling pathways associated with each individual will be indispensable in developing personalized treatments. With the current technology, there exists the possibility of analyzing all the human transcripts in individual samples to identify the specific alterations associated with RAS.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Genetic and Evolution Department, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, Brazil

    Ricardo Carneiro Borra

  2. Medicine Department, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, Brazil

    Priscila Maria de Andrade

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  1. Ricardo Carneiro Borra
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  2. Priscila Maria de Andrade
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Correspondence to Ricardo Carneiro Borra .

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  1. Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Stephen T. Sonis, DMD, DMSc

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Borra, R., de Andrade, P. (2015). Aphthous Stomatitis. In: Sonis, DMD, DMSc, S. (eds) Genomics, Personalized Medicine and Oral Disease. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17942-1_8

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