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Wide-Field Retinal Imaging of Central Retinal Vein Occlusions

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Atlas of Wide-Field Retinal Angiography and Imaging

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Abstract

Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) is a significant cause of vision loss occurring about three times less frequently than branch retinal vein occlusion. Systemic risk factors for CRVO include age older than 55 years as well as cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. Glaucoma is associated with CRVO because of increased vulnerability of the central retinal vein at the lamina cribosa. Clinically, CRVOs are classified as nonischemic versus ischemic based on visual acuity, afferent pupillary defect status, and fluorescein angiography. The prognoses for ischemic versus nonischemic CRVO are different, and there are various degrees of ischemia in CRVO. This chapter illustrates the heterogeneous patterns of retinal nonperfusion in CRVO using wide-field fluorescein angiography. Visually significant sequelae of CRVO include macular edema, macular ischemia, neovascularization, vitreous hemorrhage, and neovascular glaucoma. Treatment options include intravitreal injection of anti–vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF), corticosteroids, laser photocoagulation, and vitreoretinal surgery.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Retina Division, Department of Ophthalmology, Jules Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Irena Tsui MD & Pradeep S. Prasad MD

Authors
  1. Irena Tsui MD
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  2. Pradeep S. Prasad MD
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Correspondence to Irena Tsui MD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Vitreoretinal Division, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Igor Kozak

  2. Retina Div., Wilmer Eye Inst., The Johns, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medi. Center, Baltimore, USA

    J. Fernando Arevalo

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Tsui, I., Prasad, P.S. (2016). Wide-Field Retinal Imaging of Central Retinal Vein Occlusions. In: Kozak, I., Arevalo, J. (eds) Atlas of Wide-Field Retinal Angiography and Imaging. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17864-6_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17864-6_7

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-17863-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-17864-6

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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