Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
SpringerLink
Log in

Safety, Dependability and Performance Analysis of Aerospace Systems

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Formal Techniques for Safety-Critical Systems (FTSCS 2014)

Part of the book series: Communications in Computer and Information Science ((CCIS,volume 476))

Abstract

The size and complexity of software in spacecraft is increasing exponentially, and this trend complicates its validation within the context of the overall spacecraft system. Current validation methods are labour-intensive as they rely on manual analysis, review and inspection. In this paper we give an overview of an integrated system-software co-engineering approach focusing on a coherent set of specification and analysis techniques for evaluation of system-level correctness, safety, dependability and performability of on-board computer-based aerospace systems. It features both a tailored modelling language and toolset for supporting (semi-)automated validation activities. Our modelling language is a dialect of the Architecture Analysis and Design Language, AADL, and enables engineers to specify the system, the software, and their reliability aspects. The COMPASS toolset employs state-of-the-art model checking techniques, both qualitative and probabilistic, for the analysis of requirements related to functional correctness, safety, dependability and performance.

We thank all co-workers in the COMPASS project for their contributions, including the groups of Alessandro Cimatti (FBK, Trento, IT), Xavier Olive (Thales Alenia Space, FR), David Lesens (Airbus Defence and Space, FR) and Yuri Yushtein (ESA/ESTEC, NL). This research has been funded by the European Space Agency via several grants.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Baier, C., Haverkort, B., Hermanns, H., Katoen, J.P.: Model-checking algorithms for continuous-time Markov chains. IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng. 29(6), 524–541 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Baier, C., Katoen, J.P.: Principles of Model Checking. MIT Press, Cambridge (2008)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  3. Biere, A., Cimatti, A., Clarke, E., Zhu, Y.: Symbolic model checking without BDDs. In: Cleaveland, W.R. (ed.) TACAS 1999. LNCS, vol. 1579, pp. 193–207. Springer, Heidelberg (1999)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  4. Biere, A., Heljanko, K., Junttila, T.A., Latvala, T., Schuppan, V.: Linear encodings of bounded LTL model checking. Log. Methods Comput. Sci. 2(5), 1–64 (2006)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  5. Bittner, B., Bozzano, M., Cimatti, A., Olive, X.: Symbolic synthesis of observability requirements for diagnosability. In: Proceedings of 11th Symposium on Advanced Space Technologies in Robotics and Automation (ASTRA 2011), ESA/ESTEC (2011) http://robotics.estec.esa.int/ASTRA/Astra2011/Astra2011_Proceedings.zip

  6. Boudali, H., Crouzen, P., Stoelinga, M.: A rigorous, compositional and extensible framework for dynamic fault tree analysis. In: Dependable and Secure Computing, pp. 128–143. IEEE (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Bozzano, M., Bruttomesso, R., Cimatti, A., Junttila, T., van Rossum, P., Schulz, S., Sebastiani, R.: Mathsat: tight integration of SAT and mathematical decision procedures. J. Autom. Reasoning 35, 265–293 (2005)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  8. Bozzano, M., Cimatti, A., Katoen, J.-P., Nguyen, V.Y., Noll, T., Roveri, M.: The COMPASS approach: correctness, modelling and performability of aerospace systems. In: Buth, B., Rabe, G., Seyfarth, T. (eds.) SAFECOMP 2009. LNCS, vol. 5775, pp. 173–186. Springer, Heidelberg (2009)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  9. Bozzano, M., Cimatti, A., Tapparo, F.: Symbolic fault tree analysis for reactive systems. In: Namjoshi, K.S., Yoneda, T., Higashino, T., Okamura, Y. (eds.) ATVA 2007. LNCS, vol. 4762, pp. 162–176. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  10. Bozzano, M., Cavada, R., Cimatti, A., Katoen, J.P., Nguyen, V.Y., Noll, T., Olive, X.: Formal verification and validation of aadl models. In: Embedded Real Time Software and Systems Conference, AAAF & SEE (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Bozzano, M., Cimatti, A., Katoen, J.P., Katsaros, P., Mokos, K., Nguyen, V.Y., Noll, T., Postma, B., Roveri, M.: Spacecraft early design validation using formal methods. Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. 132, 20–35 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Bozzano, M., Cimatti, A., Katoen, J.P., Nguyen, V.Y., Noll, T., Roveri, M.: Safety, dependability, and performance analysis of extended AADL models. Comput. J. 54(5), 754–775 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Cimatti, A., Pecheur, C., Cavada, R.: Formal verification of diagnosability via symbolic model checking. In: International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI), pp. 363–369. Morgan Kaufmann (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Cimatti, A., Clarke, E., Giunchiglia, E., Giunchiglia, F., Pistore, M., Roveri, M., Sebastiani, R., Tacchella, A.: NuSMV 2: an opensource tool for symbolic model checking. In: Brinksma, E., Larsen, K.G. (eds.) CAV 2002. LNCS, vol. 2404, pp. 359–364. Springer, Heidelberg (2002)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  15. COMPASS Consortium: The COMPASS project web site. http://compass.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/

  16. Derisavi, S., Hermanns, H., Sanders, W.H.: Optimal state-space lumping in Markov chains. Inf. Process. Lett. 87(6), 309–315 (2003)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  17. Dwyer, M., Avrunin, G., Corbett, J.: Patterns in property specifications for finite-state verification. In: International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE), pp. 411–420. IEEE CS Press (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  18. ECSS: Space product assurance: Fault tree analysis - adoption notice ECSS/IEC 61025. ECSS Standard Q-ST-40-12C, European Cooperation for Space Standardization, July 2008

    Google Scholar 

  19. ECSS: Space product assurance: Failure modes, effects (and criticality) analysis (FMEA/FMECA). ECSS Standard Q-ST-30-02C, European Cooperation for Space Standardization, March 2009

    Google Scholar 

  20. Esteve, M.A., Katoen, J.P., Nguyen, V.Y., Postma, B., Yushtein, Y.: Formal correctness, safety, dependability and performance analysis of a satellite. In: 34th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE 2012), pp. 1022–1031. ACM and IEEE CS Press (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  21. FBK: FSAP: The formal safety analysis platform. http://fsap.fbk.eu/

  22. FBK: MathSAT. http://mathsat.fbk.eu

  23. FBK: NuSMV: A new symbolic model checker. http://nusmv.fbk.eu

  24. Feiler, P.H., Gluch, D.P.: Model-Based Engineering with AADL: an introduction to the sae architecture analysis & design language. Addison-Wesley Professional, Boston (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Grunske, L.: Specification patterns for probabilistic quality properties. In: International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE), pp. 31–40. ACM (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Guck, D., Han, T., Katoen, J.-P., Neuhäußer, M.R.: Quantitative timed analysis of interactive Markov chains. In: Goodloe, A.E., Person, S. (eds.) NFM 2012. LNCS, vol. 7226, pp. 8–23. Springer, Heidelberg (2012)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  27. Heljanko, K., Junttila, T.A., Latvala, T.: Incremental and complete bounded model checking for full PLTL. In: Etessami, K., Rajamani, S.K. (eds.) CAV 2005. LNCS, vol. 3576, pp. 98–111. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  28. Henzinger, T.: The theory of hybrid automata. In: IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science (LICS), pp. 278–292. IEEE CS Press (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Hermanns, H.: Interactive Markov chains in practice. In: Hermanns, H. (ed.) Interactive Markov Chains. LNCS, vol. 2428, p. 129. Springer, Heidelberg (2002)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  30. Katoen, J.P., Zapreev, I.S., Hahn, E.M., Hermanns, H., Jansen, D.N.: The ins and outs of the probabilistic model checker MRMC. Perform. Eval. 68(2), 90–104 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. MRMC Consortium: MRMC – The Markov Reward Model Checker. http://www.mrmc-tool.org/

  32. SAE: Architecture Analysis and Design Language (AADL). SAE Standard AS5506, International Society of Automotive Engineers, May 2004

    Google Scholar 

  33. SAE: Architecture Analysis and Design Language (AADL) Annex, Volume 1, Annex A: Graphical AADL Notation. SAE Standard AS5506/1, International Society of Automotive Engineers, June 2006

    Google Scholar 

  34. SAE: Architecture Analysis and Design Language Annex (AADL), Volume 1, Annex E: Error Model Annex. SAE Standard AS5506/1, International Society of Automotive Engineers, June 2006

    Google Scholar 

  35. SAE: Architecture Analysis and Design Language (AADL) Rev. B. SAE Standard AS5506B, International Society of Automotive Engineers, September 2012

    Google Scholar 

  36. Valmari, A., Franceschinis, G.: Simple O(m logn) time Markov chain lumping. In: Esparza, J., Majumdar, R. (eds.) TACAS 2010. LNCS, vol. 6015, pp. 38–52. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  37. Wimmer, R., Herbstritt, M., Hermanns, H., Strampp, K., Becker, B.: Sigref – a symbolic bisimulation tool box. In: Graf, S., Zhang, W. (eds.) ATVA 2006. LNCS, vol. 4218, pp. 477–492. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  38. Yushtein, Y., Bozzano, M., Cimatti, A., Katoen, J.P., Nguyen, V., Noll, T., Olive, X., Roveri, M.: System-software co-engineering: dependability and safety perspective. In: Proceedings of the 4th IEEE International Conference on Space Mission Challenges for Information Technology (SMC-IT 2011), pp. 18–25. IEEE CS Press (2011)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Software Modeling and Verification Group, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany

    Thomas Noll

Authors
  1. Thomas Noll
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Thomas Noll .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Amagasaki, Japan

    Cyrille Artho

  2. University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

    Peter Csaba Ölveczky

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this paper

Cite this paper

Noll, T. (2015). Safety, Dependability and Performance Analysis of Aerospace Systems. In: Artho, C., Ölveczky, P. (eds) Formal Techniques for Safety-Critical Systems. FTSCS 2014. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 476. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17581-2_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17581-2_2

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-17580-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-17581-2

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation