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Anatomy, Physiology, and Biomechanics of the Native Knee

  • Chapter
Total Knee Arthroplasty

Abstract

The knowledge of anatomy, physiology, and biomechanics of the knee is fundamental to fully understand the different surgical pathologies. In fact, the different approaches of the knee are based on precise anatomical criteria, in order not to harm the important structures. In addition, knee arthroplasty is based on the precise knowledge of the physiological movement of the joint and on its biomechanics to reproduce as accurately as possible the native knee. The knee is a complex joint, where each anatomical structure has a specific and important role, explaining the abundance pathology and its consequences for the patient. The physiological movement of the knee is not just a simple flexion-extension, but includes rotation, translation and angulation, allowing precise positioning and load transfer through the lower limb. The goal of this chapter is to help surgeon understand knee anatomy for his professional practice.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique, Albert Trillat Center, Groupement Hospitalier Nord; Université Lyon 1, 103 Grande rue de la Croix Rousse, Lyon, Rhône, 69004, France

    Romain Gaillard, Bujar Shabani, Rosa Ballis, Philippe Neyret & Sébastien Lustig

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  1. Romain Gaillard
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  2. Bujar Shabani
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  3. Rosa Ballis
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  5. Sébastien Lustig
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Correspondence to Sébastien Lustig .

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  1. "La Paz" University Hospital-IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain

    E. Carlos Rodríguez-Merchán

  2. University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom

    Sam Oussedik

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Gaillard, R., Shabani, B., Ballis, R., Neyret, P., Lustig, S. (2015). Anatomy, Physiology, and Biomechanics of the Native Knee. In: Rodríguez-Merchán, E., Oussedik, S. (eds) Total Knee Arthroplasty. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17554-6_1

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