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Fluoride Toxicity in Animals pp 35–51Cite as

Toxic Effects

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Part of the book series: SpringerBriefs in Animal Sciences ((BRIEFSANIMAL))

Abstract

Clinical manifestations of acute fluoride toxicity include hypersalivation, restlessness, body stiffness, convulsion, and respiratory and cardiac failure, eventually leading to death. In chronic fluoride toxicity calcified tissues act as a natural sink for fluoride and hence characteristic lesions develop in bone and teeth. Dental lesions appear more frequently than bony lesions and are characterized by discoloration, hypoplastic pits, chalkiness, fast attrition, and early loss. Intermittent lameness, weakness, and the appearance of bony protuberances are common due to lesions developing in bone. Toxic effects on soft tissues become more evident when bones saturate with fluoride and their capacity to accumulate more fluoride is lost. Excess fluoride can alter the cytoarchitecture and physiology of renal, hepatic, gonadal, and neuronal tissues. Many studies suggested genotoxic, carcinogenic, immunotoxic, and cytotoxic potential of fluoride, although the results were highly variable and even contradictory.

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  1. National Research Centre on Camel, Jorbeer, Bikaner, 334001, Rajasthan, India

    Rakesh Ranjan

  2. Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Navania, Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India

    Amita Ranjan

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Ranjan, R., Ranjan, A. (2015). Toxic Effects. In: Fluoride Toxicity in Animals. SpringerBriefs in Animal Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17512-6_4

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