Abstract
This chapter discusses the chemical side of surface modification with an emphasis on surface functionalization for electrodes used in biosensors. To continue the discussion of the last chapter, it presents two different approaches for the functionalization of surfaces modified morphologically with standing nanopillars. The first approach uses a conducting polymer to entrap enzymes to the surface through electrodeposition, and the second approach uses self-assembled monolayer alkanethiols to tether enzymes to the surface. In each approach, case studies are presented with full procedural details to showcase how the surfaces modified with nanopillars can be optimally functionalized through the tuning of relevant processing parameters. To make it easier to follow, this chapter embeds the basic knowledge of electrochemistry (e.g., amperometry, cyclic voltammetry, impedimetry, and enzymatic kinetics, etc.) throughout the text as information in-need or on-demand. From a sensing-element perspective, two types of molecules are discussed: catalytic enzyme molecules (e.g., glucose oxidase) and affinity-binding molecules (e.g., avidin-biotin couple). Through three example cases this chapter also discusses operations of biosensors in terms of target detection, signal measurement, data analysis, and quantification of detection sensitivity through calibration.
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Zhang, G. (2015). Biochemical Surface Modification. In: Nanoscale Surface Modification for Enhanced Biosensing. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17479-2_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17479-2_3
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
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