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Food Allergy

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Textbook of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition

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Abstract

Food allergy, in contrast to other adverse reactions attributable to foods, is characterized by an adverse specific immune response occurring reproducibly on exposure to a given food. Food allergies may be immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated, cell-mediated, or “mixed” adverse immune responses. IgE-mediated reactions are typically sudden in onset following exposure to a food allergen, whereas cell-mediated responses may result in chronic inflammation or delayed symptoms. Acute IgE-mediated reactions can have cutaneous, ocular, gastrointestinal, respiratory, and/or cardiovascular symptoms. Cell-mediated food-allergic reactions include a number of disorders affecting the gastrointestinal tract including food-protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES), food-protein-induced enteropathy, and food-protein-induced proctocolitis. Mixed IgE and cellular responses are responsible for food-related eosinophilic esophagitis and gastroenteritis. Diagnostic evaluation of food allergy includes the history and physical examination, tests for food-specific IgE antibodies, elimination diets, and physician-supervised oral food challenges. Treatment relies primarily on allergen avoidance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, The Elliot and Roslyn Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Kravis Children’s Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Box 1198, One Gustave L. Levy Place, 10029-6574, New York, NY, USA

    Whitney M. Rassbach & Scott H. Sicherer

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  1. Whitney M. Rassbach
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  2. Scott H. Sicherer
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Correspondence to Scott H. Sicherer .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA

    Stefano Guandalini

  2. Clinical Director Child Health King’s College Hospital, Professor and Director Pediatric Liver, GI and Nutrition Center, London, United Kingdom

    Anil Dhawan

  3. Department of Pediatrics, Hebrew University Hadassah Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel

    David Branski

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Rassbach, W., Sicherer, S. (2016). Food Allergy. In: Guandalini, S., Dhawan, A., Branski, D. (eds) Textbook of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17169-2_26

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