Abstract
A portion of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis will present with disease which does not respond to either maximal medical or surgical therapy. Otherwise known as recalcitrant chronic rhinosinusitis, this presents a particularly frustrating and difficult challenge to physicians and patients alike. When faced with recalcitrant disease, it is important to take a multifaceted approach. In patients who have had previous surgery, evaluation of the sinonasal cavities for certain anatomic factors which contribute to management failure is necessary. Previously undiagnosed medical conditions complicating the disease process must also be considered. Finally, the type and delivery of topical therapies must be reviewed with all available options considered. The following is a review of recalcitrant chronic rhinosinusitis with a focus on further workup and management of these patients.
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Halderman, A.A., Stokken, J., Sindwani, R. (2015). Management of Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) Failures. In: Batra, P., Han, J. (eds) Practical Medical and Surgical Management of Chronic Rhinosinusitis. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16724-4_8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16724-4_8
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