Abstract
This paper proposes a method to neutralize the pose of facial databases. Efficient use of the feature extractors and its properties leads to the pose neutralization. Feature extractors discussed here are few transforms like Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) and Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT). Symmetric behavior of transforms is the basis of the proposed method. Modulo based approach in extracting the features was found to provide better results than the conventional techniques for pose neutralization. Experiments are conducted on various benchmark facial databases mainly pose variant FERET and FEI which show the promising performance of the proposed method in neutralizing pose.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Zhao, P.P.W., Chellappa, R., Rosenfeld, A.: Face recognition: a literature survey. ACM Comput. Surv. 35, 399–458 (2003)
Zhang, X., Gao, Y.: Face recognition across pose: a review. Pattern Recogn. 42, 2876–2896 (2009)
De Vel, O., Aeberhard, S.: Line-based face recognition under varying pose. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 21, 1081–1088 (1999)
Belhumeur, P.N., Hespanha, J.P., Kriegman, D.J.: Eigenfaces vs. fisherfaces: recognition using class specific linear projection. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 19, 711–720 (1997)
Bartlett, M.S., Movellan, J.R., Sejnowski, T.J.: Face recognition by independent component analysis. IEEE Trans. Neural Netw. 13, 1450–1464 (2002)
Wiskott, L., Fellous, J.-M., Kuiger, N., Von Der Malsburg, C.: Face recognition by elastic bunch graph matching. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 19, 775–779 (1997)
Turk, Matthew, Pentland, Alex: Eigenfaces for recognition. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 3(1), 71–86 (1991)
Agarwal, N.J.M., Agrawal, H., Kumar, M.: Face recognition using principle component analysis, eigenface and neural network. In: Proceedings of the 2010 International Conference on Signal Acquisition and Processing, ICSAP 2010, pp. 310–314. IEEE Computer Society (2010)
Huang, F.J.: Pose invariant face recognition. In: Fourth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition (2000)
Beymer, D., Poggio, T.: Face recognition from one example view. In: Fifth International Conference Computer Vision (1995)
Troje, N.F., Blthoff, H.H.: How is bilateral symmetry of human faces used for recognition of novel views? Vis. Res. 38(1), 79–89 (1998)
Gonzlez-Jimnez, D., Alba-Castro, J.L.: Toward pose-invariant 2-d face recognition through point distribution models and facial symmetry. IEEE Trans. Inf. Forensics Secur. 2(3), 413–429 (2007)
Gonzlez-Jimnez, D., Alba-Castro, J.L.: Locally linear regression for pose-invariant face recognition. IEEE Trans. Image Process. 16(7), 1716–1725 (2007)
Troje, N.F., Blthoff, H.H.: Face recognition under varying poses: the role of texture and shape. Vis. Res. 36(12), 1761–1771 (1996)
Abate, A.F., Nappi, M., Riccio, D., Sabatino, G.: 2D and 3D face recognition: a survey. Pattern Recogn. Lett. 28, 1885–1906 (2007)
Brunelli, R., Poggio, T.: Face recognition: features versus templates. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 15, 1042–1052 (1993)
Chen, S., Zhu, Y.: Subpattern-based principal component analysis. Pattern Recogn. 37, 1081–1083 (2004)
Nixon, M., Aquado, A.S.: Feature Extraction & Image Processing, 2nd edn. Academic Press, New York (2008)
Chen, S., Zhang, D., Zhou, Z.H.: Enhanced (pc) 2 a for face recognition with one training image per person. Pattern Recogn. Lett. 25, 1173–1181 (2004a)
Chen, S., Liu, J., Zhou, Z.H.: Making flda applicable to face recognition with one sample per person. Pattern Recogn. 37, 1553–1555 (2004b)
W.L. Scott II, “Block-level discrete cosine transform coefficients for autonomic face recognition. Ph.D. thesis (2003)
Hafed, Z.M., Levine, M.D.: Face recognition using the discrete cosine transform. Int. J. Comput. Vis. 43, 167–188 (2001)
Samra, A.S., Allah, S.E.T.G., Ibrahim, R.M.: Face recognition using wavelet transform, fast fourier transform and discrete cosine transform. In: Proceedings 46th IEEE International Midwest Symposium Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS 2003), vol. 1, pp. 272–275 (2003)
Bracewell, R.N.: The Fourier Transform and its Applications. McGraw-Hill, New York (1986)
MATLAB, www.mathworks.com
Color FERET. http://www.nist.gov/itl/iad/ig/colorferet.cfm
Phillips, P.J., Moon, H., Rizvi, S.A., Rauss, P.J.: The feret evaluation methodology for face-recognition algorithms. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 22, 1090–1104 (2000)
Phillips, P.J., Wechslerb, H., Huang, J., Rauss, P.J.: The feret database and evaluation procedure for face recognition algorithms. Image Vis. Comput. 16, 295–306 (1998)
Zhu, Y., Liu, J., Chen, S.: Semi-random subspace method for face recognition. Image Vis. Comput. 27, 1358–1370 (2009)
Deepa, G., Keerthi, R., Meghana, N., Manikantan, K.: Face recognition using spectrum-based feature extraction. Appl. Soft Comput. 12, 2913–2923 (2012)
Ramadan, R.M., Abdel-Kader, R.F.: Face recognition using particle swarm optimization-based selected features. Int. J. Signal Process. Image Process. Pattern Recogn. 2, 51–65 (2009)
Engelbrecht, A.P.: Fundamentals of Computational Swarm Intelligence. Wiley, Chichester (2005)
Fan, X., Verma, B.: Face recognition: a new feature selection and classification technique. In: Proceedings of the 7th Asia-Pacific Conference on Complex Systems (2004)
Kanan,H.R., Faez, K., Hosseinzadeh, M.: Face recognition system using ant colony optimization-based selected features. In: Proceedings IEEE Symposium Computational Intelligence in Security and Defense Applications (CISDA 2007) pp. 57–62 (2007)
Eberhart, R., Kennedy, J.: A new optimizer using particles swarm theory. In: Proceedings 6th International Symposium Micro Machine and Human Science pp. 39–43 (1995)
Kennedy, J., Eberhart, R.: A discrete binary version of the particle swarm algorithm. Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Syst. Man Cybern. 5, 4104–4108 (1997)
Liu, C., Wechsler, H.: Evolutionary pursuit and its application to face recognition. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 22, 570–582 (2000)
Narendra, P., Fukunage, K.: A branch and bound algorithm for feature subset selection. IEEE Trans. Comput. 6, 917–922 (1977)
FEI Database. http://fei.edu.br/cet/facedatabase.html
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
1 Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Charan, S.G. (2015). Symmetric Feature Extraction for Pose Neutralization. In: Jawahar, C., Shan, S. (eds) Computer Vision - ACCV 2014 Workshops. ACCV 2014. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9010. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16634-6_22
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16634-6_22
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-16633-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-16634-6
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)