Abstract
This chapter in focusing on the border between Italy and Slovenia will investigate whether this territory has become a laboratory where a new form of citizenship is at play, which challenges the long-held assumptions about the tight political link between citizenship and the nation-state. Post-national citizenship theories will be operationalised and in so doing the scholarly literature on the Upper Adriatic will be revisited. The chapter will then consider the kind of citizenship that has emerged and show how and to what extent new understandings of citizenship have developed in the area under consideration. It will consider both the changes brought about by the application of EU cross-border cooperation programmes and the EGTC, and the important and independent role played by ethnic minority groups (in particular through their NGOs associations and representatives) vis-à-vis the local government. It will be shown that ethnic minority associations, in actively participating in cross-border activities, become subjects rather than merely object of these programmes. It will be described as ethnic minority associations can have a leading role in pressing governmental actors across the border to overcome their mistrust and their fears and make full use of the cooperative tools provided by the EU.
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Notes
- 1.
The project MI. MA. was carried out in 2006 and 2007 by SLORI in Italy and the Unione Italiana in Slovenia and Croatia. The project partners are the Coastal Self- Governing Community of the Italian Nationality and the Italian Centre for Promotion, Culture, Education and Development ‘Carlo Combi’ in Slovenia and the SKGZ, the SSO and the Association of the Friends of the Newspaper Isonzo in Italy. The project was developed in the frame of the Community Initiative Programme Interreg IIIA Italy-Slovenia 2000–2006 and was already carried out for the first time in the period 2004/2005. It arose from a very close cooperation between the Italian community in Slovenia and the Slovene community in Italy. The aim of the project was to raise awareness particularly among young people about the presence of the autochthonous minorities living in the border areas between Italy, Slovenia and Croatia. Through educational and informative activities the project has promoted the knowledge of the Slovenes in Italy and of the Italians in Slovenia and Croatia (http://www.slori.org/index.php?pag=progettiandanno=1andcid=12andlang=engandPHPSESSID=lzfklqlctqandPHPSESSID=lzfklqlctq).
- 2.
There is a very difficult relationship between Slovenians who live in Italy and this Association (Internet website: http://www.cnj.it/documentazione/IRREDENTE/anvgd.htm http://www.leganazionale.it/index.php?option=com_contentandview=articleandid=496:alcune-considerazioni-su-foibe-e-storiciandcatid=55:le-foibeandItemid=79).
- 3.
Here he refers to the assimilation policy exercised under the Fascism regime against Slovenians, who had to change their names, and were forbidden to use their own language in Italy.
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Nadalutti, E. (2015). Cross-Border Cooperation and Citizenship Revisited in the Upper Adriatic. In: The Effects of Europeanization on the Integration Process in the Upper Adriatic Region. United Nations University Series on Regionalism, vol 9. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16471-7_6
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