Abstract
Since the 1990s, boundaries and borderlands across and outside the EU have attracted growing attention from international organizations, largely due to political, social and ethnic transformation in Western, Central and Eastern Europe (Sarmiento-Mirwaldt 2010; Markusse 2007; Koff 2007). The demise of the Soviet regime and the Ur-border (i.e. Iron Curtain), and the enlargement process in Europe have pushed the EU to transform itself ‘into a-historical and functional space located within and across that of its constituent member states’ (Kramsch and Hooper 2004: 2). Hence, political and social borders have undergone a substantial change turning into open borders between neighbouring states, finally becoming internal borders within EU territory (Meinhof 2009). While in Eastern Europe and the Balkans, states have collapsed and been re-constituted, thus creating new fragmentation and often highly impenetrable borders, in Western Europe the processes of devolution or regionalization have increased internal differentiation and competitiveness (Christiansen and Jørgensen 2000).
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Nadalutti, E. (2015). Introduction. In: The Effects of Europeanization on the Integration Process in the Upper Adriatic Region. United Nations University Series on Regionalism, vol 9. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16471-7_1
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