Abstract
Gastric cancer is the fourth most common malignancy worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer-related death. Despite advances in the medical and surgical management of this neoplasm, mortality remains high at approximately 60–80 % at 5 years. A number of factors have been proposed to account for these disappointing results. These include a lack of understanding of the molecular events driving carcinogenesis and the blanket application of cytotoxic therapies into patients with advanced disease without considering the genetic abnormalities underlying their disease. Recently, numerous studies have emerged elucidating the aberrations in tumor suppressors and oncogenes at the genetic and epigenetic levels. These have led to the discovery of key driver mutations thought to underlie the malignant process in gastric cancer. Such studies have permitted the classification of gastric tumor types along molecular as opposed to histologic lines. Accordingly, a number of genes have emerged as attractive targets for individualized therapies. In this chapter, the molecular mechanisms underlying gastric carcinogenesis are reviewed at the genetic and epigenetic levels.
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Cools-Lartigue, J., Baker, L., Ferri, L. (2015). Molecular Mechanisms in Gastric Carcinogenesis. In: Strong, V. (eds) Gastric Cancer. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15826-6_3
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