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The Neurobiological Basis of Memory pp 151–173Cite as

Resolving Interference: The Role of the Human Hippocampus in Pattern Separation

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Abstract

The process of establishing sparse, orthogonalized memory representations, or pattern separation, allows a memory system to overcome interference between similar stimuli. Here, we review the literature on interference theory and the predictions of computational models of medial temporal lobe functioning regarding interference. Tests with rodent models supports the models’ prediction that the medial temporal lobe, and specifically the hippocampus, supports pattern separation processes that allow the organism to overcome interference in event-based memories. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies, studies with patients with hippocampal damage, and studies of aging populations all support a role of the hippocampus in overcoming interference through pattern separation in this domain in humans. Finally, we review some promising studies that indicate ways in which pattern separation mechanisms may be improved in humans.

The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the United States Air Force, Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, 1001 SWKT, 84602, Provo, UT, USA

    C. Brock Kirwan PhD & Michelle I. Nash MS

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Correspondence to C. Brock Kirwan PhD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, Radford University, Radford, Virginia, USA

    Pamela A. Jackson

  2. Department of Cognitive Science, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA

    Andrea A. Chiba

  3. Department of Neurological Surgery and Center for Neuroscience, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA

    Robert F. Berman

  4. Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA

    Michael E. Ragozzino

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Kirwan, C., Nash, M. (2016). Resolving Interference: The Role of the Human Hippocampus in Pattern Separation. In: Jackson, P., Chiba, A., Berman, R., Ragozzino, M. (eds) The Neurobiological Basis of Memory. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15759-7_7

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