Skip to main content

Rehabilitation, Back to Sports and Competition

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Foot and Ankle Sports Orthopaedics
  • 2571 Accesses

Abstract

Ankle injuries are the most common among the sports injuries, of which ankle sprains and recurrent ankle sprains are more frequent. This chapter discusses various aetiology and the pathomechanical factors responsible for the ankle sprain, grading of ankle sprains and their management at all the stages of recovery till the return to sports or competition. Long term follow up studies have demonstrated, functional treatment superior to surgical repair. The criteria in progressing to each stage is very crucial and is tabulated at each phases of tissue healing. Functional progression of early mobilisation with external ankle support is emphasised throughout the chapter. As chronic ankle instability is important sequelae of acute ankle injury, the preventive program is described to the end of the chapter.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 139.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Kannus P, Renstrm P. Treatment for acute tears of the lateral ligaments of the ankle. Operation, cast, or early controlled mobilization. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1991;73(2):305–12.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Ferran NA, Maffulli N. Epidemiology of sprains of the lateral ankle ligament complex. Foot Ankle Clin. 2006;11(3):659–62.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Lash N, Horne G, Fielden J, Devane P, Lash N, Horne G, Fielden J, Devane P. Ankle fractures: functional and lifestyle outcomes at 2 years. ANZ J Sur. 2002;72:724–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Tropp H, Odenrick P, Gillquist J. Stabilometry recodings in functional and mechanical instability of the ankle joint. Int J Sports Med. 1985;6:180–2.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Krips R, van Dijk N, Hakasi T, et al. Long-term outcome of anatomical reconstruction versus tenodesis for the treatment of chronic anterolateral instability of the ankle joint: a multicenter study. Foot Ankle Int. 2001;22:415–21.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Bleakley CM, McDonough SM, MacAuley DC, Bjordal J. Cryotherapy for acute ankle sprains: a randomised controlled study of two different icing protocols. Br J Sports Med. 2006;40(8):700–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  7. Arnold BL, De La Motte S, Linens S, Ross SE, Arnold BL, De La Motte S, Linens S, Ross SE. Ankle instability is associated with balance impairments: a meta-analysis. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2009;41:1048–62.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. McKeon PO. Hertel J Systematic review of postural control and lateral ankle instability, part II: is balance training clinically effective? J Athl Train. 2008;43(3):305–15.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  9. Collins N, Teys P, Vicenzino B. The initial effects of a Mulligan's mobilization with movement technique on dorsiflexion and pain in subacute ankle sprains. Man Ther. 2004;9(2):77–82.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Kerkhoffs GM, Rowe BH, Assendelft WJ, Kelly K, Struijs PA, van Dijk CN. Immobilisation and functional treatment for acute lateral ankle ligament injuries in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2002(3):CD003762.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Nigg BM, Nurse MA, Stefanyshyn DJ. Shoe inserts and orthotics for sport and physical activities. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1999;31(7 Suppl):S421–8. Review.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Beynnon BD, Renstrm PA, Haugh L, Uh BS, Barker H. A prospective, randomized clinical investigation of the treatment of first-time ankle sprains. Am J Sports Med. 2006;34(9):1401–12.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Cooke MW, Marsh JL, Clark M, Nakash R, Jarvis RM, Hutton JL, Szczepura A, Wilson S, Lamb SE; CAST trial group. Health Technol Assess. Treatment of severe ankle sprain: a pragmatic randomised controlled trial comparing the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of three types of mechanical ankle support with tubular bandage. CAST Trial. 2009;13(13):iii, ix–x, 1–121.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Lamb SE, Marsh JL, Hutton JL, Nakash R, Cooke MW, Collaborative Ankle Support Trial (CAST Group). Mechanical supports for acute, severe ankle sprain: a pragmatic, multicentre, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2009;373(9663):575–81. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Thacker SB, Stroup DF, Branche CM, Gilchrist J, Goodman RA, Weitman EA. The prevention of ankle sprains in sports. A systematic review of the literature. Am J Sports Med. 1999;27(6):753–60.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Mattacola CG, Dwyer MK. Rehabilitation of the ankle after acute sprain or chronic instability. J Athl Train. 2002;37(4):413–29.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  17. Knight KL. Knee rehabilitation by the daily adjustable progressive resistive exercise technique. Am J Sports Med. 1979;7(6):336–7. No abstract available.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Perrin DH. Isokinetic exercise and assessment. Champaign: Human kinetics; 1993. p. 59.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Smith TO, Davies L. Do exercises improve outcome following fixation of ankle fractures: a systematic review. Int J Ther Rehabili. 2006;13(6):273–81.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Hintermann B. Biomechanics of the unstable ankle joint and clinical implications. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1999;31 Suppl 7:459–69.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Abdulhameed Alattar .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Alattar, A., Kareem, S. (2016). Rehabilitation, Back to Sports and Competition. In: Valderrabano, V., Easley, M. (eds) Foot and Ankle Sports Orthopaedics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15735-1_14

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15735-1_14

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-15734-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-15735-1

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics