Abstract
The purpose of this chapter is to outline the concept of social entrepreneurship, describing its origins within the whole phenomenon of social economy. Particular attention is paid to providing an overall vision of the features of this complex concept, and illustrating those elements that are mostly debated in the attempts to draft a generally accepted definition. The differences emerging across countries concerning the concept of social entrepreneurship will also be touched upon. This chapter provides an overview of what social enterprises are and the reason why assessing social impact is highly beneficial for them.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
An important example in recent years is the rise of crowdfunding as a way of directly mobilizing financial resources for the most disparate ventures. The term refers to the practice of funding a project or venture by raising many small amounts of money from a large number of people, typically via the internet.
References
Alter, K. (2006). A social enterprise typology. Virtue Ventures. http://virtueventures.com. Accessed 15 May 2013.
Alvord, S. H., Brown, L. D., & Letts, C. W. (2004). Social entrepreneurship and societal transformation an exploratory study. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 40(3), 260–282.
Arvidson, M., Lyon, F., McKay, S., & Moro, D. (2010). The ambitions and challenges of SROI.
Ashoka. (2011). http://www.ashoka.org/. Accessed 28 Apr 2013.
Austin, J., Gutierrez, R., Ogliastri, E., & Reficco, E. (2006). Effective management of social enterprises: Lessons from businesses and civil society organizations in Iberoamerica. Cambridge: Harvard University.
Bagnoli, L., & Megali, C. (2011). Measuring performance in social enterprises. Non-profit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 40(1), 149–165.
Barraket, J., & Yousefpour, N. (2013). Evaluation and social impact measurement amongst small to medium social enterprises: Process, purpose and value. Australian Journal of Public Administration, 72(4), 447–458.
Bornstein, D. (1998). Changing the world on a shoestring. Atlantic Monthly, 281(1), 34–39.
Bornstein, D. (2004). How to change the world: Social entrepreneurs and the power of new ideas. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Borzaga, C., & Defourny, J. (Eds.). (2001). The emergence of social enterprise. USA: Routledge.
Borzaga, C., Bodini, R., Carini, C., Depedri, S., Galera, G., & Salvatori, G. (2014). Europe in transition: The role of social cooperatives and social enterprises, Euricse Working Papers, 69|14.
Bosma, N., & Levie, J. (2010). Global Entrepreneurship Monitor 2009 Global Report. http://static.wamda.com/web/uploads/resources/GEM_2009_Global_Report_Rev_140410.pdf
Carini, C., & Costa, E. (2013). Exploring the performance of social cooperatives during the economic crisis: The Italian case. Italy: Euricse Working Paper.
Castellano, F. L. (2003). Una sociedad “de cambio y no de beneficencia”. El asociacio-nismo en la España liberal. CIRIEC-ESPAÑA, 44, 199–228.
Certo, S. T., & Miller, T. (2008). Social entrepreneurship: Key issues and concepts. Business Horizons, 51, 267–271.
Chaves, R., & Monzón, J. L. (2012). The social economy in the European Union. European Economic and Social Committee, 1–116.
Dacin, P., Dacin, M., & Matear, M. (2010). Social entrepreneurship: Why we don’t need a new theory and how we move forward from here. The Academy of Management Perspectives, 3, 37–57.
Dart, R. (2004). The legitimacy of social enterprise. Non-profit Management and Leadership, 14(4), 411–424.
Dees, J. G. (1998). The meaning of social entrepreneurship. Comments and suggestions contributed from the Social Entrepreneurship Funders Working Group, 6 p.
Dees, J. G., & Anderson, B. B. (2006). Framing a theory of social entrepreneurship: Building on two schools of practice and thought. Research on Social Entrepreneurship: Understanding and Contributing to an Emerging Field, 1(3), 39–66.
Defourny, J., & Nyssens, M. (2013). Social co-operatives: When social enterprises meet the co-operative tradition. Journal of Entrepreneurial and Organizational Diversity, 2(2), 11–33.
Drayton, W. (2002). The citizen sector: Becoming as entrepreneurial and competitive as business. California Management Review, 44(3), 120–132.
Drucker, P. (1995). Innovation and entrepreneurship. New York: Harper Business, 28.
Eckhardt, J. T., & Shane, S. A. (2003). Opportunities and entrepreneurship. Journal of Management, 29(3), 333–349.
Emerson, J., & Twersky, F. (1996). New social entrepreneurs: The success, challenge and lessons of non-profit enterprise creation. San Francisco.
Estrin, S., Mickiewicz, T., & Stephan, U. (2013). Entrepreneurship, social capital, and institutions: Social and commercial entrepreneurship across nations. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 37(3), 479–504.
Euricse. (2013). Social economy and social entrepreneurship, Social Europe Guide, 4.
Eurostat. (2013). People at risk of poverty or social exclusion. http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu
Fondazione, L. (2007). Nuove povertà ed esclusione sociale. http://zope.unimc.it/netmate/seminari/primo/nuovepovert.pdf
Grieco, C. (2014). Exploring Italian social enterprises coherence in social impact assessment Conference Proceedings Euram Annual Conference, Valencia, 4–7 June 2014.
Hartigan, P. (2006). It’s about people, not profits. Business Strategy Review, 17(4), 42–45.
Haugh, H. (2005). A research agenda for social entrepreneurship. Social Enterprise Journal, 1(1), 1–12.
Hemingway, C. A. (2005). Personal values as a catalyst for corporate social entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Ethics, 60(3), 233–249.
Hibbert, S. A., Hogg, G., & Quinn, T. (2005). Social entrepreneurship: Understanding consumer motives for buying the big issue. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 4(3), 159–172.
Kerlin, J. A. (2006). Social enterprise in the United States and Europe: Understanding and learning from the differences. Voluntas, 17, 247–263.
Kerlin, J. A. (2013). Defining social enterprise across different contexts: A conceptual framework based on institutional factors. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 42(1), 84–108.
Kerlin, J. A. (Ed.). (2009). Social enterprise: A global comparison. Lebanon: Tufts University Press.
Korosec, R. L., & Berman, E. M. (2006). Municipal support for social entrepreneurship. Public Administration Review, 66, 448–462.
KPMG International. (2014). Sustainable insight. Unlocking the value of social investment. kpmg.com/sustainability.
Kraus, S., Filser, M., O’Dwyer, M., & Shaw, E. (2013). Social entrepreneurship: An exploratory citation analysis. Review of Managerial Science, 1–18.
Leadbeater, C. (1997). The rise of the social entrepreneur (No. 25). Demos.
Lepoutre, J., Justo, R., Terjesen, S., & Bosma, N. (2013). Designing a global standardized methodology for measuring social entrepreneurship activity: The global entrepreneurship monitor social entrepreneurship study. Small Business Economics, 40(3), 693–714.
Light, P. C. (2006). Reshaping social entrepreneurship. Stanford Social Innovation Review, Fall, 46–51.
Light, P. C. (2009a). The search for social entrepreneurship. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press.
Light, P. C. (2009b). Social entrepreneurship revisited: Not just anyone, anywhere, in any organization can make breakthrough change. Stanford Social Innovation Review, Summer, 21–22.
Mair J., & Marti J. (2006). Social entrepreneurships research: A source of explanation, prediction and delight. International Journal of World Business, 1, 36–44.
Mair, J., Battilana, J., & Cardenas, J. (2012). Organizing for society: A typology of social entrepreneuring models. Journal of Business Ethics, 111(3), 353–373.
Massetti, B. L. (2008). The social entrepreneurship matrix as a “tipping point” for economic change. E:CO, 3, 1–8.
Mort, G., Weerawardena, J., & Carnegie, K. (2003). Social entrepreneurship: Towards conceptualization. International Journal of Non-profit and Voluntary Sector Marketing, 8(1), 76–88.
Murphy, P. J., & Coombes, S. M. (2009). A model of social entrepreneurial discovery. Journal of Business Ethics, 87, 325–336.
Nicholls, A. (2005). Measuring impact in social entrepreneurship New accountabilities to stakeholders and investors? skoll centre for social entrepreneurship. Oxford: University of Oxford.
Nicholls, A. (Ed.). (2006). Social entrepreneurship: New models of sustainable social change: New models of sustainable social change. OUP: Oxford.
OECD. (2013). OECD Economic surveys Italy.
OECD. (2010). SMEs, Entrepreneurship and Innovation.
OECD. (1999). Social enterprises. Paris: OECD.
Peredo, A. M., & Mclean, M. (2006). Social entrepreneurship: A critical review of the concept. Journal of World Business, 41(1), 56–65.
Perrini, F. (2007). Social entrepreneurship. Milano: Egea.
Perrini, F., & Vurro, C. (2006) Social entrepreneurship: Innovation and social change across theory and practice. In: J. Mair, J. Robinson, K. Hockerts (Eds.), Social Entrepreneurship (pp. 57–85), UK: Palgrave Macmillan.
Pless, N. M. (2012). Social entrepreneurship in theory and practice—an introduction. Journal of Business Ethics, 1–4.
Porter M. E., & Kramer M. R. (2006). Strategy and Society. The link between competitive advantage and corporate social responsibility. Harvard Business Review, 78–92.
Porter, M. E, & Kramer M. R. (2011). Creating shared value. Harvard Business Review, 62–77
Porter, M. E., Hills, G., Pfitzer, M., Patscheke, S., & Hawkins, E. (2012). Measuring shared value how to unlock value by linking social and business results, FSG. http://www.fsg.org/Portals/0/Uploads/Documents/PDF/Measuring_Shared_Value.pdf
Reis, T. (1999). Unleashing the new resources and entrepreneurship for the common good: A scan, synthesis and scenario for action (p. 27). Battle Creek: W.K. Kellogg Foundation.
Restakis, J. (2006). Defining the social economy-the BC context. Prepared for: BC Social Economy Roundtable.
Richmond, B. J, Mook, L., & Quarter, J. (2003). Social accounting for non profits: Two models. Non-profit Management and Leadership, 13(4).
Roberts, D., & Woods, C. (2005). Changing the world on a shoestring: The concept of social entrepreneurship. University of Auckland Business Review, 7(1), 45–51.
Roper, J., & Cheney, G. (2005). The meanings of social entrepreneurship today. Corporate Governance, 5(3), 95–104.
Ruttman, R. (2012). New ways to invest for social and environmental impact In Investing for impact: How social entrepreneurship is redefining the meaning of return. Credit Suisse Research.
Salamon, L., & Sokolowski, S. (2010). The social origins of civil society: Explaining variations in the size and structure of the global civil society sector. Paper presented at the 9th International Conference of the International Society for Third Sector Research, Istanbul, Turkey.
Santos, F. M. (2012). A positive theory of social entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Ethics, 111(3), 335–351.
Say, J. B. (1803). Traité d’économie politique: ou, simple exposition de la manière dont se forment, se distribuent et se consomment les richesses. (Translation: Treatise on Political Economy: On the Production, Distribution and Consumption of Wealth). New York: Kelley (1964) (1st ed., 1827).
Schumpeter, J. (1934). The theory of economic development. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Schwab Foundation. (2011). Social entrepreneur of the year India 2011, Social Entrepreneurship for Inclusive Growth. http://www.jubilantbhartiafoundation.com/seoy-profile-booklet-2011.pdf
Seelos, C., & Mair, J. (2007). Profitable business models and market creation in the context of deep poverty: A strategic view. The Academy of Management Perspectives, 21(4), 49–63.
Shaw, E., Gordon, J., Harvey, C., & Maclean, M. (2013). Exploring contemporary entrepreneurial philanthropy. International Small Business Journal, 31(5), 580–599.
Short, J. C., Moss, T. W., & Lumpkin, G. T. (2009). Research in social entrepreneurship: Past contributions and future opportunities. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 3(2), 161–194.
Simonov, S. G., Khamatkhanova, M. A., & Peshkova, N. N. (2014). Development of social entrepreneurship on a given territory. Life Science Journal, 11(7 s).
Stevenson, H. H., & Jarillo, C. (1990). A paradigm of entrepreneurship: Entrepreneurial management. Strategic Management Journal, 11(Summer), 17–27.
Swanson, L. A., & Zhang, D. D. (2010). The social entrepreneurship zone. Journal of Non-profit and Public Sector Marketing, 22(2), 71–88.
Taylor, N., Hobbs, R., Nilsson, F., O’Halloran, K., & Preisser, C. (2000). The rise of the term social entrepreneurship in print publications. In Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research: proceedings of the annual Babson College Entrepreneurship Research Conference (Vol. 466).
Thomas, A. (2004). The rise of social cooperatives in Italy. Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Non-profit Organizations, 15(3), 243–263.
Thompson, J. (2002). The world of the social entrepreneur. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 15(5), 412–431.
Thompson, J., Alvy, G., & Less, A. (2000). Social entrepreneurship: A new look at the people and the potential. Management Decision, 38(5), 328–338.
Tracey, P., & Jarvis, O. (2007). Toward a theory of social venture franchising. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 31(5), 667–685.
Weerawardena, J., & Mort, G. S. (2006). Investigating social entrepreneurship: A multidimensional model. Journal of World Business, 41(1), 21–35.
Westley, F., & Antadze, N. (2010). Making a difference: Strategies for scaling social innovation for greater impact. London: Routledge.
Yunus, M. (2003). Banker to the poor: The story of the Grameen Bank. Aurum Press Limited.
Zadek, S., & Thake, S. (1997). Send in the social entrepreneurs. New Statesman, 26(7339), 9–31.
Zamagni, S. (2006). Dalla filantropia d’impresa all’imprenditorialità sociale. East, 6.
Zappalà, G., & Lyons, M. (2009). Recent approaches to measuring social impact in the third sector: An overview. Centre for Social Impact, Background Paper, n. 5. http://www.socialauditnetwork.org.uk/files/8913/2938/6375/CSI_Background_Paper_No_5_-_Approaches_to_measuring_social_impact_-_150210.pdf
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Grieco, C. (2015). Conceptualizing Social Entrepreneurship. In: Assessing Social Impact of Social Enterprises. SpringerBriefs in Business. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15314-8_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15314-8_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-15313-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-15314-8
eBook Packages: Business and EconomicsBusiness and Management (R0)