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The Knee

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Principles of Human Joint Replacement

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Abstract

This chapter describes the anatomy, biomechanics and pathology of the knee. The section on anatomy describes the ligamentous structures and musculature. The section on biomechaniics describes tibiofemoral and patellar kinematics as well as forces in the knee. The section on patholgy describes congenital, metabolic, neuromuscular, infectious, autoimmune and post-traumatic pathological conditions. A history of knee relacement is provided. The background of the first, second, third and the most current fourth generation designs is described. The first generation has been largly abandoned but second and third greneration designs are currnently available. These later designs are evaluated for their mechanical and clincal performance. In particular, the charateristics of the currently popular posterior stabilized post-on-cam designs are crticially examined. The extremely high stress in the cam is a highly undesireable charateristic of such designs. Thus, their use in almost all patients seems unwarrented in light of the fact that the forth generation, mobile bearing designs provide the anterior – posterior stability needed. The developement process is given, in detail, for a fourth gereration rotating platform, mobile bearing design. This design, using biological fixation, seems to have potential as a lifetime joint replacement for almost all patients.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. South Mountain Orthopaedics, South Orange, NJ, USA

    Frederick F. Buechel

  2. Jensen Beach, Florida, USA

    Michael J. Pappas

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Correspondence to Frederick F. Buechel .

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Buechel, F.F., Pappas, M.J. (2015). The Knee. In: Principles of Human Joint Replacement. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15311-7_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15311-7_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-15310-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-15311-7

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