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Effects of Long Term Consumption of High Calorie Diet on Neurological Disorders

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High Calorie Diet and the Human Brain

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Abstract

Long-term consumption of high calorie diet, which is enriched in saturated fats, cholesterol, and n-6 fatty acids produces obesity, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, low grade inflammation, and cognitive dysfunction due to abnormalities in mitochondrial function and marked alterations in signal transduction processes. High calorie diet also alters hippocampal morphology/plasticity leading to the impairment of cognitive function in rodents. This brain region is involved in learning and memory formation. Accumulating evidence suggests that long term consumption of high calorie diet not only causes oxidative stress through multiple biochemical mechanisms, but also promotes low grade chronic inflammation through increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Onset of chronic inflammation and oxidative stress promotes type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome, which are risk factors for stroke, Alzheimer disease, and depression. In addition, long term consumption of high calorie diet also suppresses adaptive cellular response signaling by inhibiting expression of neurotrophic factors, protein chaperons, DNA-repair proteins, autophagy, and mitochondrial biogenesis.

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    Akhlaq A. Farooqui

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Farooqui, A.A. (2015). Effects of Long Term Consumption of High Calorie Diet on Neurological Disorders. In: High Calorie Diet and the Human Brain. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15254-7_9

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