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A Novel Cysteine Sulfinic Acid Decarboxylase Knock-Out Mouse: Pathology of the Kidney and Lung in Newborn Pups

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Taurine 9

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 803))

Abstract

Taurine has antioxidant like qualities in a variety of tissues including the lung and kidney. We developed a taurine deficient mouse model making it possible to study the antioxidant capabilities of taurine. Three groups of genetically manipulated mice included (1) third generation homozygote for taurine deficiency (G3 HO), (2) third generation homozygote for taurine deficiency with parents treated with 0.05 % taurine (G3 HOT) in the drinking water and (3) a control wild type (WT) with normal taurine levels. Lung and kidney tissues were embedded in epon, 1 μm sections were cut, stained with methylene blue and Azure II and observed by light microscopy. Representative areas were chosen for ultrathin sectioning and observation by electron microscopy. Both the lung and the kidney exhibited alterations in G3 HO and G3 HOT. Alterations in the kidney included the distal tubules in both G3 HO and G3 HOT. In the kidney, the absence of taurine may cause injury to the distal tubules by unregulated osmolarity within the cells. In the lung, there is an increase in phagocytic cell infiltrates, PMNs and macrophages along with increased surfactant and edema in both groups including G3 HO and G3 HOT. Taurine deficient may have changes in the lung as evidence by osmolarity, in addition to oxidant injury at both epithelial and endothelial cells, leading to the presence of edema and increased production of surfactant. The data indicate that 0.05 % taurine in the drinking water is not sufficient for protection from injury. This animal model, paralleling many diseases of the kidney and lung will allow a better understanding of the role of taurine in various diseases and help to find more effective ways of treatment and prevention.

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Abbreviations

CDO:

Cysteine dioxygenase

CDO KO:

Cysteine dioxygenase knockout mice

CSAD:

Cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase

CSAD KO:

Cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase knockout mice

G1 G2, G3:

Generation 1, 2 and 3

G1 HO:

HO (CSAD−/−) mice born from HT (CSAD+/−) parents

G2 or G3 HO:

Mice born from G1 HO or G2 HO parents

HO:

Homozygotic mice (CSAD−/−)

HOT:

Homozygotic mice treated with 0.05 % taurine

HT:

Heterozygotic mice (CSAD+/−)

WT:

Wild type (CSAD+/+)

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Acknowledgements

 This work was supported by the Office for People with Developmental Disabilities, Albany, NY and Dong A Pharmaceutical Co., LTD, Seoul, Korea. We are thankful to Dr. William Levis for discussing the research and reviewing this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, Mt. Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10029, USA

    Ronald Gordon

  2. School of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea

    Seung Yong Park

  3. Department of Developmental Neurobiology, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1050 Forest Hill Road, Staten Island, NY, 10314, USA

    Georgia Schuller-Levis & Eunkyue Park

Authors
  1. Ronald Gordon
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  2. Seung Yong Park
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  3. Georgia Schuller-Levis
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  4. Eunkyue Park
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Eunkyue Park .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Chair of Immunology, Medical College Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland

    Janusz Marcinkiewicz

  2. Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA

    Stephen W. Schaffer

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Gordon, R., Park, S.Y., Schuller-Levis, G., Park, E. (2015). A Novel Cysteine Sulfinic Acid Decarboxylase Knock-Out Mouse: Pathology of the Kidney and Lung in Newborn Pups. In: Marcinkiewicz, J., Schaffer, S. (eds) Taurine 9. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 803. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15126-7_2

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