Abstract
Q1 What is reflux nephropathy and how is it treated?
Previously called chronic pyelonephritis, reflux nephropathy is a form of interstitial renal disease that may be the cause of around 10 % of the CKD in UK patients who require dialysis. The aetiology is thought to be vesico-ureteric reflux (VUR) combined with ascending infection in early life, leading to renal inflammation with cortical scars and calyceal clubbing. Historically the diagnosis was made by IVP, showing a triad of small irregular kidneys with cortical scars and calyceal clubbing. Nowadays, ultrasound will pick up major anatomical abnormalities but early scars are best detected by DMSA isotope scan. Those with hypertension, proteinuria and bilateral disease are more likely to progress to ESRD than those without these risk factors and whose serum creatinine is normal. In adulthood treatment is conservative with prompt management of underlying symptomatic infection.
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Further Reading
For details of other rarer renal diseases such as Alport’s syndrome, cystinosis, cystinuria, hyperoxaluria, pure red cell aplasia go to the Renal Association website. http://www.rarerenal.org.
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© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
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Findlay, M., Isles, C. (2015). Rarer Renal Diseases. In: Clinical Companion in Nephrology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14868-7_36
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14868-7_36
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