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Perspectives and Application of Halophilic Enzymes

  • Chapter
Halophiles

Part of the book series: Sustainable Development and Biodiversity ((SDEB,volume 6))

Abstract

The world of halophilic bacteria is quite diverse. We find representatives of three domains of life, archaea, bacteria and eukarya that are adapted to salt concentration upto saturation. The micro-organisms able to grow upto NaCl concentration (>300 g/l) are found all over the small subunit rRNA based tree of life. Their metabolic diversity is high as well encompassing oxygenic and anoxygenic phototrophs, aerobic heterotrophs, denitrifiers, sulfate reducers, fermenters and methanogens. The proteins of halophilic bacteria are magnificently engineered to function in a milieu containing 2–5 M salt. The proteins and encoding genes of halophiles represent a valuable repository and resource for reconstruction and visualizing processes of habitat selection and adaptive evolution. Search for new enzymes endowed with novel activities and enhanced stability continues to be desirable character for important commercial production. These poly extremophiles are excellent source of enzymes and metabolites possessing inherent ability to function in extreme conditions viz high salt, alkaline pH and facilitating catalysis for biotechnological application in food processing, industrial bioconversion and bioremediation. In brief, we have just begun to realize the great potential and true extent of diversity and suitable industrial applications possible from halophiles.

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  1. Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380 009, Gujarat, India

    Stuti Patel & Meenu Saraf

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  2. Meenu Saraf
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  1. Dept of Botany & Microbiology, Gurukul Kangri Univ, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India

    Dinesh K Maheshwari

  2. Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India

    Meenu Saraf

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Patel, S., Saraf, M. (2015). Perspectives and Application of Halophilic Enzymes. In: Maheshwari, D., Saraf, M. (eds) Halophiles. Sustainable Development and Biodiversity, vol 6. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14595-2_15

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