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Role of Metabolic Factors: Lipids, Glucose/Insulin Intolerance

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Arterial Disorders

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Abstract

Overnutrition characterized by overconsumption of food rich in fat and carbohydrates is a significant contributor to hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and the cardiorenal syndrome (CRS). Obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes mellitus are associated with a substantially increased prevalence of arterial disease (AD), which is involved in the risk of coronary, cerebral, and peripheral atherosclerosis and the clinical consequences of myocardial infarction, stroke, limb ischemia, and death. Although the underlying mechanisms and mediators of AD are not well understood, accumulating evidence supports the role of dysregulation of VSMCs, ECs, and vascular extracellular matrix in pathogenesis of AD. Risk factors related to CRS and misregulation of adaptive metabolic responses develop a complex network and contribute to the progression of AD. In this review, we will focus on the interaction of metabolic risk factors, adaptive metabolic response, and AD, highlighting pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms, as well as the contemporary understanding of potential therapeutic strategies.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Brenda Hunter for her editorial assistance. This research was supported by NIH (R01 HL73101, R01 HL107910) and the Veterans Affairs Merit System (0018) for JRS. The authors have no conflict of interest associated with this manuscript.

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The authors have no conflict of interest associated with this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Diabetes Cardiovascular Center, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA

    Guanghong Jia, Annayya R. Aroor & James R. Sowers MD

  2. Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, MO, USA

    Guanghong Jia, Annayya R. Aroor & James R. Sowers MD

  3. Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, D109 Diabetes Center HSC, One Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA

    James R. Sowers MD

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  1. Guanghong Jia
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  2. Annayya R. Aroor
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  3. James R. Sowers MD
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Correspondence to James R. Sowers MD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon

    Adel Berbari

  2. University of Milano Bicocca IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy

    Giuseppe Mancia

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Jia, G., Aroor, A.R., Sowers, J.R. (2015). Role of Metabolic Factors: Lipids, Glucose/Insulin Intolerance. In: Berbari, A., Mancia, G. (eds) Arterial Disorders. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14556-3_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14556-3_8

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