Abstract
Entomogenous fungi play a very important role in controlling the natural population of insect pests. Many of them have been developing as myco-insecticides. During evolution, entomogenous fungi acquired lots of pathogenic factors against host insects. Non-ribosomal peptide (NRP) is a usual pathogenic factor of entomogenous fungi. Chemically, NRPs are the secondary metabolic compounds mainly composed of specific or modified amino acids and hydroxyl acids. They are synthesized via thiotemplate multienzyme mechanism of multifunctional enzyme complex system other than on ribosome. NRPs show a broad range of biological activities such as insecticide, antibiotic, antivirus, antitumor, etc. Meanwhile, researchers have been focusing their interests on the NRP properties as immunity inhibitor, cell proliferation inhibitor, siderophore and ionophore, etc. To date, more than 20 kinds of NRPs were isolated and identified from entomogenous fungi genera: Beauveria, Conoideocrella, Cordyceps, Culicinomyces, Fusarium, Hirsutella, Isaria, Metarhizium, Paecilomyces, Verticillium, etc. These NRPs include bassianolides, beauvericins, beauverolides, beauveriolides, cicadapeptins, conoideocrellides, cordycommunins, cordyheptapeptides, culicinins, cyclosporins, destruxins, efrapeptins, enniatins, hirsutellides, hirsutides, isariins, isaridins, isarolides, paecilodepsipeptides, serinocyclins, etc. The structures, activity, and mechanism of these NRPs are reviewed in this chapter.
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Acknowledgements
The authors cordially thank Dr. Zhou Zuoqiang and his MS student Liu Kai (College of Science, South China Agricultural University) for checking the chemical structures of NRPs. Ms. Chen Xiurun partly contributes to this MS. This research is supported by the National High-Technology Research and Development Program (“863” Program) of China (2011AA10A204-2).
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Hu, Q., Dong, T. (2015). Non-ribosomal Peptides from Entomogenous Fungi. In: Sree, K., Varma, A. (eds) Biocontrol of Lepidopteran Pests. Soil Biology, vol 43. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14499-3_8
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