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Dormancy Behaviors and Underlying Regulatory Mechanisms: From Perspective of Pathways to Epigenetic Regulation

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Advances in Plant Dormancy

Abstract

Temperate perennials exploit dormancy as one strategy to survive long-term environmental stresses. As the current trend in global warming continues, many regions are experiencing warmer winters that fail to provide sufficient chilling temperature for dormancy release, impacting fruit tree productivity and plant ecology. Thus, understanding dormancy and its regulation is important for developing breeding strategies to mitigate the impact of rapidly changing global climates. In this chapter, we extensively review the distinct dormancy types in the context of inducing factors. We also examine the different forms or appearance of dormancy in the context of plant architecture, growth habit, life cycle, and developmental programming. Given that chilling temperature is critical for both dormancy and vernalization, we discuss the dual roles of chilling in the regulation of dormancy release and developmental programming, and its unique properties (e.g., slow action, fixable, and additive) relevant to epigenetic regulatory features. In addition, we assess the different flower regulatory pathways and delineate general principles of how vernalization and dormancy hijack, derail, and transduce specific pathways to arrest and then release growth and development in response to environmental changes. Finally, we compare and examine how vernalization and dormancy are regulated at the molecular level with particular emphasis on epigenetic modification, and highlight similarities and differences in their regulation, thus providing a perspective for future dormancy research. The aim of this review is to offer readers a unique insight into the regulation of dormancy, with particular emphasis on regulatory pathways and epigenetic modifications.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. USDA-ARS, Appalachian Fruit Research Station, 2217 Wilshire Road, 25430, Kearneysville, WV, USA

    Zongrang Liu

  2. Chinese Academy of Sciences, South China Botanical Garden, No.723, Xingke Road, 510650, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, China

    Hong Zhu

  3. Forest Health Research and Education Center, University of Kentucky, 40506, Lexington, KY, USA

    Albert Abbott

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  1. Zongrang Liu
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  2. Hong Zhu
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  3. Albert Abbott
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Correspondence to Zongrang Liu .

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  1. Sunflower and Plant Biology Research, USDA-ARS, Fargo, North Dakota, USA

    James V. Anderson

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Liu, Z., Zhu, H., Abbott, A. (2015). Dormancy Behaviors and Underlying Regulatory Mechanisms: From Perspective of Pathways to Epigenetic Regulation. In: Anderson, J. (eds) Advances in Plant Dormancy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14451-1_4

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