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Paying to Conserve Watershed Services in Pangani River Basin, Tanzania

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Conflict Resolution in Water Resources and Environmental Management

Abstract

Human beings depend on the integrity of watersheds to provide ecosystem services (e.g., water) that they need for their survival. The current watershed degradation represents the most serious threat to the provision of watershed services. The worldwide demand for integrated approaches to provide solutions to water flow reduction represents a significant shift towards management focussed on the sustained use of water catchment areas. This paper reports the findings of a study that was carried out to explore the potential for paying for the management of watershed areas in the Pangani River Basin in Tanzania. Site visits enabled the collection of hydrological data, and documented reviews and structured questionnaires were used to collect socioeconomic data. MS Excel was applied in drawing figures. We found that the minimum and maximum quantities of water discharge were 11,300,365 and 15,839,833 m3 and 7,787,600 and 8,602,361 m3 in Arusha and Moshi, respectively. Similarly, the minimum and maximum revenue collections from water users were €987,766, 60 and €1,659,160, 71; and €920,916, 40 and €1,456,075, 49 as projections and actual revenue collection, respectively. We conclude that water supply problems are caused by watershed degradation and obsolete water infrastructures. We recommend the integration of payment for watershed conservation approaches into watershed management to enhance sustainable water flow.

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Acknowledgment

The financial support for this work came from the government of Belgium (PhD scholarship, grant number 09TAN/5917) through the Belgium Technical Cooperation (BTC). Organizers of the 2013 ICWRER event deserve a special mention for their invitation in Koblenz, Germany which was the basis of this paper. Authors are grateful to research assistants Ms Mariam Ramadhani and Ms Mariam Muya, for their tireless efforts during field work. Anonymous reviewers are equally appreciated for their professional and constructive suggestions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Ecosystem Management Research Group, University of Antwerpen, Campus Drie Eiken,Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium

    Makarius C. S. Lalika & Patrick Meire

  2. Department of Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3038, Chuo Kikuu, Morogoro, Tanzania

    Makarius C. S. Lalika

  3. Department of Forest Economics, Faculty of Forestry and Nature Conservation, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3011, Chuo Kikuu, Morogoro, Tanzania

    Yonika M. Ngaga

Authors
  1. Makarius C. S. Lalika
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  2. Patrick Meire
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  3. Yonika M. Ngaga
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Makarius C. S. Lalika .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada

    Keith W. Hipel

  2. Dept. Mechanical & Industrial Eng., Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

    Liping Fang

  3. IHP/HWRP Federal Institute of Hydrology, Koblenz, Germany

    Johannes Cullmann

  4. Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada

    Michele Bristow

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Lalika, M.C.S., Meire, P., Ngaga, Y.M. (2015). Paying to Conserve Watershed Services in Pangani River Basin, Tanzania. In: Hipel, K., Fang, L., Cullmann, J., Bristow, M. (eds) Conflict Resolution in Water Resources and Environmental Management. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14215-9_4

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