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Using Remote Sensing to Map and Monitor Water Resources in Arid and Semiarid Regions

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Advances in Watershed Science and Assessment

Part of the book series: The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry ((HEC,volume 33))

Abstract

Life on Earth depends on water. Yet water resources are severely stressed by the rapid growth of the human population and activities. In arid environments the exploration and monitoring of water resources is a prerequisite for water accessibility and rational use and management. To survey large arid areas for water, conventional land-based techniques must be complemented by using satellite and airborne remote sensors. Surface water systems can be mapped using multispectral and radar sensors; soil moisture in the unsaturated zone can be remotely sensed with microwave radiometers using indirect indicators, such as microwave emissivity; freshwater wetlands can be mapped using multispectral cameras; and freshwater springs can be detected using thermal infrared radiometers. Satellite remote sensors and satellite gravitational surveys can be used in combination with ancillary data analysis to infer groundwater behavior from surface expressions and to estimate groundwater aquifer storage. This chapter provides an overview of satellite and airborne remote sensing techniques for managing water resources and monitoring drought in arid and semiarid regions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Marine Science and Policy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA

    Victor Klemas

  2. Department of Geological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA

    Aline Pieterse

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  1. Victor Klemas
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  2. Aline Pieterse
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Correspondence to Victor Klemas .

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  1. The Cabel Brand Center for Global Poverty and Resources Sustainability Studies, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA

    Tamim Younos

  2. Department of Geography, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA

    Tammy E. Parece

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Klemas, V., Pieterse, A. (2015). Using Remote Sensing to Map and Monitor Water Resources in Arid and Semiarid Regions. In: Younos, T., Parece, T. (eds) Advances in Watershed Science and Assessment. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, vol 33. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14212-8_2

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