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Molecular and Genetic Factors in Crohn’s Disease

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Book cover Crohn’s Disease

Abstract

The precise etiology of Crohn’s disease (CD) is not yet known. However, research in the fields of immunology, microbiology, and genetics suggests an interplay between host and environmental factors (Table 2.1). Environmental factors may be external agents that a patient has been exposed to such as NSAIDs or cigarette smoking or present within the host, such as the microbes and pathogens that comprise the microbiome. Host factors relate to the individual’s immunologic response to these external factors, which increasingly appear to be genetically defined or programmed early in life. This interplay between host physiology and external agents ultimately leads to an alteration in the host’s inflammatory homeostasis and maintenance of the gut mucosal integrity (Fig. 2.1) resulting in unchecked inflammation, enteric bacterial invasion, and worsening tissue destruction. Additionally, the variation in the multitude of factors that interact within the individual patient presumably results in the dozens of different phenotypes of CD (stricturing, fistulizing, inflammatory, ileal, colonic, etc.).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA

    Tara M. Connelly & Walter A. Koltun

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  1. Tara M. Connelly
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  2. Walter A. Koltun
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Correspondence to Walter A. Koltun .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA

    Alessandro Fichera

  2. Department of Surgery, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA

    Mukta K. Krane

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Connelly, T.M., Koltun, W.A. (2015). Molecular and Genetic Factors in Crohn’s Disease. In: Fichera, A., Krane, M. (eds) Crohn’s Disease. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14181-7_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14181-7_2

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