Abstract
Central venous catheters (CVC) are ubiquitous in the intensive care unit (ICU). Central lines are necessary for infusion, withdrawal of blood, or hemodynamic monitoring. Unfortunately, use of these devices predisposes to the development of central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI). Approximately half of the patients admitted to the ICU require a CVC [1], and these catheters account for the majority of CLABSIs [2]. In the USA, up to 5 million CVCs are inserted each year and approximately 200,000 patients reportedly develop a CLABSI; the number of deaths attributable to these infections has been estimated at 25,000 (12.5%), equating to 0.5% of CVC insertions [3]. The 2009 Extended Prevalence of Infection in Intensive Care (EPIC II) study reported that, of 13,796 adult patients, 7,087 (51%) were classified as infected on the day of the study; BSIs accounted for 15% of these infections, however, this percentage includes BSIs of unknown origin (not related to an infection at another site, including intravascular-access devices) and secondary BSIs (related to an infection with the same organism at another site). CLABSIs were responsible for 4.7% of all ICU infections [4]. A 2011 systematic review calculated that CLABSIs were associated with the highest number of preventable deaths and associated costs compared to other healthcare-associated infections [5].
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Blot, K., Vogelaers, D., Blot, S. (2015). Central Line-associated Bloodstream Infections: A Critical Look at the Role and Research of Quality Improvement Interventions and Strategies. In: Vincent, JL. (eds) Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2015. Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2015, vol 2015. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13761-2_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13761-2_2
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