Modelling Impact of Key Success Factors in Humanitarian Logistics

Abstract

Recently the authors have explored strategic, tactical and operative key success factors for the humanitarian supply chain. Moreover, they have developed and tested a holistic and applicable performance measurement system for the humanitarian supply chain. Based on these results the impact of key success factors on performance is investigated: An impact model of key success factors on key performance indicators is developed and formulated. The evaluation of the model will be based on sequential qualitative system analysis for a first testing and analytical insights. Findings reveal that performance measurement in humanitarian logistics and humanitarian supply chains is still an open area of research, especially compared to the commercial logistics and supply chain sector. Moreover, it highlights how to identify and measure success in humanitarian supply chains. The results help humanitarian logistics and humanitarian supply chain actors to conduct further research in this area and to develop key performance indicators and measurement frameworks that suit the humanitarian logistics sector.

Appendix I

Category	KPIs	Description	Equation		Type
					Qualitative	Quantitative
						Financial	No-Financial
Response time	Duration of the project	The indicator measures the duration of the project	Number of months				٧
	Average response time	The indicator measures the average response time between the occurrence of the disaster and arrival time of the organisation’s first supplies (personnel and goods)	Average number of days (personnel)				٧
			Average number of days (goods)
	Delivery date reliability	The indicator measures the accuracy of delivery date of goods to the disaster area both in the first aid and at steady-state	First aid (<3 months) $\frac{\text{Number of deliveries on time}}{\text{Total number of deliveries}}$				٧
			Steady-state (>3months) $\frac{\text{Number of deliveries on time}}{\text{Total number of deliveries}}$
	Goods-to-delivery time	The indicator measures the time between when goods are purchased and when they arrive at the disaster site	Average number of days to purchase goods				٧
			Average number of days to transport goods from the organisation’s warehouse to the disaster area
			Average number of days to deliver goods to the staging area
	Presence of organisation’s warehouse in loco	The indicator expresses the presence of a warehouse with prepositioned materials in a radius of 200 km around the disaster area	Yes/no				٧
Reliability/Flexibility	Volume flexibility	The indicator measures the organisation’s ability to respond to different magnitudes of disasters	[1–5] (1 very low; 5 very high)		٧
	Mix flexibility	The indicator measures the organisation’s ability to change the variety of goods sent to the disaster area	[1–5] (1 very low; 5 very high)		٧
	Percentage of prepositioned goods	The indicator measures the percentage of goods (drugs and no-drugs) prepositioned in organisation’s warehouses, both at regional and international level	Drugs	$\frac{{\begin{array}{*{20}c} {{\text{Number}}\;{\text{of}}\;{\text{prepositioned}}} \\ {{\text{goods}}\;{\text{at}}\;{\text{regional}}\;{\text{level}}} \\ \end{array} }}{{{\text{Total}}\;{\text{number}}\;{\text{of}}\;{\text{goods}}}}$			٧
				$\frac{{\begin{array}{*{20}c} {{\text{Number}}\;{\text{of}}\;{\text{prepositioned}}} \\ {{\text{goods}}\;{\text{at}}\;{\text{international}}\;{\text{level}}} \\ \end{array} }}{{{\text{Total}}\;{\text{number}}\;{\text{of}}\;{\text{goods}}}}$
				$\frac{{\begin{array}{*{20}c} {{\text{Number}}\;{\text{of}}\;{\text{no}} - } \\ {{\text{prepositioned}}\;{\text{goods}}} \\ \end{array} }}{{{\text{Total}}\;{\text{number}}\;{\text{of}}\;{\text{goods}}}}$
			No- Drugs	$\frac{{\begin{array}{*{20}c} {{\text{Number}}\;{\text{of}}\;{\text{prepositioned}}} \\ {{\text{goods}}\;{\text{at}}\;{\text{regional}}\;{\text{level}}} \\ \end{array} }}{{{\text{Total}}\;{\text{number}}\;{\text{of}}\;{\text{goods}}}}$
				$\frac{{\begin{array}{*{20}c} {{\text{Number}}\;{\text{of}}\;{\text{prepositioned}}} \\ {{\text{goods}}\;{\text{at}}\;{\text{international}}\;{\text{level}}} \\ \end{array} }}{{{\text{Total}}\;{\text{number}}\;{\text{of}}\;{\text{goods}}}}$
				$\frac{{\begin{array}{*{20}c} {{\text{Number}}\;{\text{of}}\;{\text{no}} - } \\ {{\text{prepositioned}}\;{\text{goods}}} \\ \end{array} }}{{{\text{Total}}\;{\text{number}}\;{\text{of}}\;{\text{goods}}}}$
Cooperation/Standardisation	Degree of information sharing	The indicator measures the degree of information sharing between actors of the organisation, involved in the disaster	[1–5] (1 very low; 5 very high)		٧
	Degree of cooperation	The indicator measures the degree of cooperation between actors of the organisation, involved in the disaster	[1–5] (1 very low; 5 very high)		٧
	Degree of standardisation	The indicator measures the degree of standardisation of procedures	[1–5] (1 very low; 5 very high)		٧
Beneficiaries and donors satisfaction	Number of relief workers	The indicator measures the number of relief workers (national and international staff) employed during the resolution of the disaster	Number of relief workers at national level				٧
			Number of relief workers at international level
	Percentage of people engaged on dispensing aid	The indicator measures the percentage of people engaged on dispensing aid (doctors and health personnel, logisticians, etc.)	$\frac{{\begin{array}{*{20}c} {{\text{Number}}\;{\text{of}}\;{\text{workers}}\;{\text{engaged }}} \\ {{\text{on}}\;{\text{dispensing}}\;{\text{aid}}} \\ \end{array} }}{{{\text{Total}}\;{\text{number}}\;{\text{of}}\;{\text{workers}}}}$				٧
	Total dollars spent	The indicator measures the organisation in financial terms	Dollars given by institutional donors			٧
			Dollars given by private donors
	Number of people helped	The indicator measures the efficiency of the organisation in terms of people helped (direct and indirect beneficiaries)	Number of people helped				٧
	Donor’s auditing	The indicator expresses if donors monitor the work of the employees	Yes/no				٧
	Spending capacity	The indicator measures the ability of the organisation to respect the account of money requested to institutional donors	$\frac{{\begin{array}{*{20}c} {{\text{Dollars}}\;{\text{spent}}\;{\text{given}}\;{\text{by }}} \\ {{\text{institutional}}\;{\text{donors}}} \\ \end{array} }}{{\begin{array}{*{20}c} {{\text{Total}}\;{\text{dollars}}\;{\text{requested}}\;{\text{to }}} \\ {{\text{institutional}}\;{\text{donors}}} \\ \end{array} }}$			٧
	Satisfaction level	The indicator measures the satisfaction level of donors	[1–5] (1 very low; 5 very high)		٧
Cost performance	Cost of goods	The indicator measures the percentage of the cost of goods on the cost of the project	$\frac{{{\text{Cost}}\;{\text{of}}\;{\text{goods}}}}{{{\text{Total}}\;{\text{dollars}}\;{\text{spent}}}}$			٧
	Transportation cost	The indicator measures the incidence of the transportation cost (by air, sea and truck) during the whole period in which the organisation stays in the disaster area	$\frac{{{\text{Transportation}}\;{\text{cost}}}}{{{\text{Total}}\;{\text{dollars}}\;{\text{spent}}}}$			٧
	Warehousing cost	The indicator measures the percentage of the warehousing cost to store goods in the surroundings of the disaster area on the cost of the project	$\frac{{{\text{Warehousing}}\;{\text{cost}}}}{{{\text{Total}}\;{\text{dollars}}\;{\text{spent}}}}$			٧
	Percentage of claims	The indicator measures the percentage of claims	$\frac{{{\text{Number}}\;{\text{of}}\;{\text{orders}}\;{\text{claimed}}/{\text{year}}}}{{{\text{Number}}\;{\text{of}}\;{\text{orders}}/{\text{year}}}}$				٧
	Percentage of goods not distributed	The indicator measures the percentage of goods (drugs and no-drugs) not distributed	$\frac{{{\text{Number}}\;{\text{of}}\;{\text{drugs}}\;{\text{not}}\;{\text{distributed}}}}{{{\text{Total}}\;{\text{number}}\;{\text{of}}\;{\text{goods}}}}$				٧
			$\frac{{\begin{array}{*{20}c} {{\text{Number}}\;{\text{of}}\;{\text{no}} - {\text{drug}}\;{\text{goods }}} \\ {{\text{not}}\;{\text{distributed}}} \\ \end{array} }}{{{\text{Total}}\;{\text{number}}\;{\text{of}}\;{\text{goods}}}}$