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Optimization of Photodynamic Therapy Response by Survivin Gene

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Resistance to Photodynamic Therapy in Cancer

Part of the book series: Resistance to Targeted Anti-Cancer Therapeutics ((RTACT,volume 5))

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Abstract

Cancer is typically a consequence of imbalance between cell death and proliferation in a way favorable to cell proliferation and survival. Most conventional cancer therapies are based on targeting rapidly growing cancerous cells to block growth or enhance cell death, thereby, restoring the balance between these processes. In many instances, malignancies that develop resistance to current treatment modalities, for example photodynamic therapy (PDT), often present the greatest challenge in subsequent management of the patient. In this context, the role of survivin in resistance to anti-cancer therapies has become an area of intensive investigation. Survivin is a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family that correlates inversely with patient prognosis. The application of PDT resulted in an over-expression of survivin in tumor cells and, moreover, survivin has a specific role in modulating PDT-mediated apoptotic response. Tumor cells which present downregulated survivin and then are treated with PDT exhibit increased apoptotic indexes and cytotoxicity when compared to single agent-treated cells. There are several strategies under investigation to target survivin that include of molecular antagonists, small molecules and immunotherapy. The translation of these findings to the clinic is currently ongoing with a number of phase I/II clinical trials targeting survivin that are in progress. Therefore, combining PDT with a survivin inhibitor may attribute to a more favorable clinical outcome than the use of single-modality PDT.

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Acknowledgements

We want to thanks to Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (PICT), Secretaría de Ciencia y Técnica (SECyT), Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto, Argentina.

VR is member of the Scientific Researcher Career at CONICET. ISC hold fellowship from CONICET.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 8 Km 601, Río Cuarto, Argentina

    Viviana A. Rivarola & Ingrid Sol Cogno

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  1. Viviana A. Rivarola
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  2. Ingrid Sol Cogno
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Correspondence to Viviana A. Rivarola .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Medical and Biological Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy

    Valentina Rapozzi

  2. Prof. Ghiretti, Universita Padova Ist. Biologia Animale, Padova, Italy

    Giulio Jori

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Rivarola, V., Cogno, I. (2015). Optimization of Photodynamic Therapy Response by Survivin Gene. In: Rapozzi, V., Jori, G. (eds) Resistance to Photodynamic Therapy in Cancer. Resistance to Targeted Anti-Cancer Therapeutics, vol 5. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12730-9_7

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