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Panic Disorder pp 185–202Cite as

Possible Mechanisms Linking Panic Disorder and Cardiac Syndromes

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Abstract

Since chest pain can indicate coronary artery disease, pulmonary embolus and other severe physical illness, a prompt and careful diagnosis is important. It can also be due to panic disorder, an anxiety disorder with serious morbidity and mortality consequences. The diagnosis of panic is often not obvious to all clinicians, and panic can also occur co-morbidly with physical heart disease. More specifically, panic anxiety often includes an abrupt feeling of fear accompanied by symptoms such as breathlessness, palpitations, chest pain, and thus patient fear of a heart attack. This concern may further confound physicians. The association between panic disorder and coronary artery disease has been extensively studied in recent years and, although some studies have shown anxiety disorders coexisting or increasing the risk of heart disease, no causal hypothesis has been well established. The aim of this chapter is to present the various ways in which the scientific community has been investigating the relations of panic disorder with cardiac syndromes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Panic and Respiration, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Sergio Machado & Eduardo Lattari

  2. Physical Activity Neuroscience, Physical Activity Sciences Postgraduate Program, Salgado de Oliveira University, Niterói, Brazil

    Sergio Machado

  3. Department of Psychiatry, Weill-Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA

    Jeffrey P. Kahn

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  1. Sergio Machado
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  2. Eduardo Lattari
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  3. Jeffrey P. Kahn
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Correspondence to Sergio Machado .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Panic and Respiration, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Antonio Egidio Nardi

  2. Laboratory of Panic and Respiration, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Rafael Christophe R. Freire

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Machado, S., Lattari, E., Kahn, J.P. (2016). Possible Mechanisms Linking Panic Disorder and Cardiac Syndromes. In: Nardi, A., Freire, R. (eds) Panic Disorder. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12538-1_11

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